8 10 191 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/5297364c6413ad8e6a2f44f5b70fe4d3.jpg 281fa8caee8a357ae2b877a23b81e4a7 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0bc9f7d4fdcc3838439f01a3388e72e5.jpg 79804f784938953397b227379a1496a3 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/29eafb36e80653ea152c7933cbf1e9a2.jpg c93ed1f1d3f04859942a10801b1670ba https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6017003c418097f5557062de002b9cd7.jpg f10aa00d63820ff3414b1a8e58a633d1 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/8354bcd9f0c1f91164e70df686dd06ac.jpg 8d885df6055274dbb47ae33c66412753 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany open armchair has a continuous arched and curved back and arms, the shaped back posts rising from the legs, which are turned below seat level. The back has five splayed spindles turned with nodes, regularly spaced rather than resembling bamboo. The arms meet down-swept moulded supports rising from the front legs. The tapering and curved seat has stuff-over upholstery and a close-nailed horsehair cover. The front legs are tapering, turned and carved with a band of fluting at their tops. The back legs are turned and raked. The legs are united by diagonal turned cross stretchers that have been reinforced at the joints with later metal brackets. The upholstery and cover are 19th century. The pattern for this chair is somewhat similar to Hepplewhite’s 1788 design for a ‘Bar-back sofa’, having a continuous open-frame back and arms with splayed bars and an upholstered seat (White, 1990). A similar chair was sold through Christie’s, London in 2013, described as being possibly made by a French emigré chairmaker. The mahogany seat rail is partly exposed on the Christie’s example, and is fluted, and it seems likely that this chair (FPF168) was originally made and upholstered in this way, before extensive alterations were carried out in the 19th century when the seat rails were replaced and the chair was re-upholstered. Condition Surface has been stripped. Seat rails are replaced and the chair re-upholstered. Rear left back leg and lower part of rear right back leg are replaced. Lower part of front right leg replaced. Metal brackets supporting the stretchers. Materials Mahogany. The rear and two side seat rails are ash, the front seat rail is oak. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 89 W. 58 D. 56 Parker Numbers OM 5919, plastic label on the back left of the seat rail. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons on 18 June 1919 for £18.0.0. Notes E. White (ed.), Pictorial Dictionary of British 18th Century Furniture Design, Antique Collectors’ Club, 1990, p.114, A. Hepplewhite & Co., The Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer's Guide, 1st Edition, 1788, top left. <a href="https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-5675073">Christies, London, 2 May 2013, lot 221</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF168 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany open armchair with upholstered seat and spindles in the back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1790 Description An account of the resource Mahogany open armchair with upholstered seat and spindles in the back. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/4516eb8469f15513cedb837ed190228f.jpg ef03207c9315946d05d7a4a35cd282ed https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b2140d8e7de584d15b2d82117c9c274d.jpg 00c4184acc26e4d1bd1f1016d8177e17 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f5b4351250ffe7e5812e4d0cb4826c16.jpg 29a128fd9bc689531b1d97979e837932 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fdd7c8216bd305137b63f0c47e45d30c.jpg a242ee42f4289d387045dcb5bb31b856 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e3a2de6164eb9c8d948e87e14695f47a.jpg e46cbf9ca749055f7d70d3aafcb40ca3 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/8859a553861fc5b6977cb9c26d511f06.jpg 6aa553314f6d97f958ceed4772e71028 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany side chair has a cartouche-shaped and channel-moulded back with a small anthemion carved in the centre of the crest rail and three carved and pierced splats, each with a central patera. A stuff-over seat with a serpentine front and curved sides is covered in leather and close nailed with dome-headed gilt nails. There is a carved panel of anthemion where the part-fluted, part-reeded baluster-turned front legs meet the seat rail. The back legs are turned and raked. The upholstery is replaced. A very similar chair, attributed to Hepplewhite, is illustrated in MacQuoid (reprinted 1989). The Frederick Parker Collection included a matching armchair which was sold through Christie’s, London in 1998; the armchair was acquired for the Collection in 1920 for £8.15s. Condition Poor surface finish, worn and faded. Repairs to the crest rail and lower back rail, central splat ‘backed’. Front legs hipped into seat rail. Back legs possibly replaced. Late 19th century stuffing, webbing and base cloth. Materials Mahogany. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 89 W. 56 D. 61 Parker Numbers Plastic label on rear seat rail: ‘Pattern’ with almost illegible inscription: ‘OM 2049’. Painted inside seat rail: ‘169/2049 Provenance In the Collection prior to 1993. Notes Christie’s, London, 24 September 1998, lot 303. Percy MacQuoid, A History of English Furniture, London, reprinted 1989, p. 380, fig. 856. The chair-back pattern features on an armchair in the C. D. Rotch Collection, illustrated in R. Edwards, The Shorter Dictionary of English Furniture, p. 157, fig. 156. See also: R. W. Symonds, Furniture Making in Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century England, London, 1955, p. 100, pl. 18. H. Cescinsky, English Furniture of the Eighteenth Century, vol. III, London, 1909-11, p. 211, fig. 247, and p. 212. H. Cescinsky, English Furniture From Gothic to Sheraton, Grand Rapids, 1929, p. 365, top left. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF169 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with three carved and pierced splats in the back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1790 Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with a cartouche-shape back and three carved and pierced splats and an upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1c3e866ada3853ec9804bb3beadc9de4.jpg ee6551e5068823e996362fcc9967f5b0 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e450d3fc09eefed015463dde56ce92cf.jpg 63acb3ac84ae101881f80b23d0095088 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/7cdd2ebcf883aa1a8242777c25209b8b.jpg 166ed92be972fdf5e0c82dde9eb2c158 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9902e5314cdc0b05c12b48b033251aec.jpg 247aabe2ff679f86e222b7a2ab61f859 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/d03bcc55303b68bf75388019fa93ff5a.jpg 98bb7c5922955dad1e86728e2f885e43 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/77f46ed0f621f7188f6eef24221ce0b3.jpg 22378235e74619c65f1367ffba802609 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/aea7db8cbeb65f4d4beb12535027e502.jpg 474c4dbef5e4f374c3490253d476e4f8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/adb077132cc58779d33261063c9a63e8.jpg f75b08ba416fc049c4545b7ae0fea38d Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany armchair was made by Frederick Parkers in the 1930s, using the crest rail, splat and right arm of late 18th century chair. The back is formed of three arches, the outer edges decorated with a beaded moulding and the front faces carved in low relief with acanthus leaves and palms. The splat is carved and pierced into four roundels, each with a stylised anthemion, or honeysuckle. The arms have pads of upholstery and are curved outwards, carved with acanthus leaves and terminate with a ball. They rest on down-swept and fluted supports, incised at the base in the form of a Greek key. The seat rails are shaped and curved and the seat itself and the arm pads are upholstered with leather covers secured with rows of domed nails. The front legs are square in section, tapering, reeded and fluted, the tops with carved roundels in the form of a sun-burst. The feet are carved with acanthus leaves beneath a squared moulding. The back legs are square in section, tapering and flared. The style of the chair is neo-classical in form and decoration; it is similar to chairs made by John Linnell for Osterley House and Kenwood House in the 1770s (Edwards, 1966). The Frederick Parker Collection includes several examples of chairs made up from a few period elements, like this one. Often the results were not intended to be perfect copies of actual chairs but were designed to suit the commercial needs of the company in making reproduction furniture suitable for domestic and contract customers. In this chair the front legs are copies from another chair in the Collection, FPF 209A. The Collection also includes hundreds of chair parts which the designers and craftsmen would have used as reference material. Condition The upholstery and leather covers are original to the chair, c.1930. Materials Mahogany. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 97 W. 61 D. 58 Parker Numbers The front seat rail is stamped U6576. The back seat rail is painted with the numbers 172/6271. Provenance Made up by Frederick Parker & Son in the 1930s. Notes Ralph Edwards, Shorter Dictionary of English Furniture, 1966, p.155. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF172 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany armchair with carved splat and upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930-1935 with crest rail, splat and right arm c.1770. Description An account of the resource A mahogany armchair with a carved and pierced splat and upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/cdb0b5ddfbe6ddd08683624388b51a2e.jpg 943a7874cc4537d079457445c58521dc https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/22e5c3b06630da75230d0375e63cc988.jpg 81d948cf0bca5a120d4f084fb25e3b8c https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/3bf571859d9300d52e3828c847cb3823.jpg d437e2867a5701e5131898d663f20560 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/4984ffe87eb68e14b0c49b669297f68c.jpg abfce704c1a02665249f5b88ed1c2526 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/8e9b8a90ad24b1f671ff3c111d02e697.jpg b2ad18e71f1adec029f83758c8fe24d9 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/42c531cc8435cab14cbba5199381b85c.jpg d31b2c136ed240fcb5eb012b7b461212 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/15865378eed153c7328f4124a7baea06.jpg 6a8cfb7f176d46054efc78886238b509 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This armchair has an upholstered oval back within a fluted mahogany frame, with the crest carved with a rosette, husk festoons and acanthus leaves. The back frame is continuous with the back legs. The stuff-over seat has a serpentine-front and is curved at the sides and back. The short down-swept moulded arms have pads on the horizontals and meet down-swept moulded supports rising from the front legs. The seat rail is fluted and the front rail is carved with a central rosette and husks. The chair is raised on moulded cabriole legs at the front with carved festoons on the knees, while the back legs are moulded and flared. The yellow damask and webbing upholstery is 20th century. This chair is in the Louis XV-style, made fashionable in the mid-1760s by French Royal chair-makers such as Jean-Baptiste Tilliard (1686-1766), maître in 1717, and menuisier du Garde-Meuble du Roi from 1728. The oval back in chairs is one of the earliest embodiments of the neo-classical style. The first known representation of an oval-back chair is in Pierre-Antoine Baudouin's engraving, Le Lever, published in 1765. Tilliard, together with his contemporary Louis Delanois, was pre-eminent in the use of oval backs in the early 1760s, confirmed by a miniature chair by Tilliard which was acquired by the 6th Earl of Coventry from the marchand-mercier Simon-Phillippe Poirier between 1763-68 (Jervis, 2011). This chair is an English rendition of the French prototype. Although British furniture makers like John Linnell (1729-96) favoured combining an oval back with straight legs, designs in the Victoria & Albert Museum show that Linnell was initially making oval back chairs with cabriole legs in c. 1770-75 (Hayward, Kirkham, 1980). Condition Feet cut down. Repair to top of right arm, and underside of right arm, two wood plugs. Damage to carving on front left seat rail. Repairs to chair back New supporting brackets under seat rail. Materials Mahogany. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 94 W. 61 D. 64 Marks Underside, right arm, incised ‘VIII’. Underside, seat rail, incised ‘XIIII’. Parker Numbers Painted under seat rail: ‘177/3691’. Plastic label inside seat rail: ‘OM 3691’. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons prior to 1914 from Charles for £26.10.0. Notes <a href="https://www.furniturehistorysociety.org/uploaded_resources/files/NL_184amended.pdf">Simon Swynfen Jervis, ‘Miniature Furniture and Interiors’, Furniture History Society Newsletter, November 2011, p. 4. </a> H. Hayward, P. Kirkham, William and John Linnell: Eighteenth Century London Furniture Makers, London, 1980, vol. II, pp. 44-45, figs. 86, 86a. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF177 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany open armchair with oval back and cabriole legs. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1780 Description An account of the resource Mahogany open armchair with oval back and cabriole legs, the seat and back upholstered. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/11f5398b49c7628882858a10a0d031fd.jpg afe7a36b8d5c23faeaecbe49d742a71b https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/72459ac90081c6d0b1ae4566ea79c2e3.jpg 4353ceab237d8e55e85dd99420ee188a https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/2143dfe0f0be08fd26da9e85456b0cec.jpg 6c1c317d251c1fe44def1ee2ab4553a9 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0bf0a38812f419c3a4a123400f833c41.jpg bdce158b5449705ea08ff0ef2163467d https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c70406bb590c2a1339dd1d2c2f05e616.jpg fdf844e673bf1f3064ad4e5b4d706669 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c40718961baa8464f04cea4ca4abb3a3.jpg 44ae8636043d6997c08595e5c59ae7e5 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This armchair has a curved cartouche-shaped back within a gadroon-carved and moulded surround, and outwardly-curved arms with upholstered pads and moulded forward-scrolled supports. The stuff-over seat is serpentine in two dimensions with gadroon-carved edges and is raised on slender moulded cabriole front legs and conforming back legs, also with gadrooned edges. The front legs are carved at the knees with cartouches and end in scrolled-under feet. The upholstery has been replaced in the 20th century. This sophisticated armchair is designed in the French rococo taste but has a distinctively English elegance about it. It would originally have been part of a drawing room suite. Most chairs of this type were made of fine mahogany whereas this example is in limewood and would originally have been gilded or painted; it is now stained and grained to resemble mahogany. The carving is well executed. It is unusual to carry the gadrooned ornament across the tops of the legs, as in this case. The design has been associated with John Cobb of Soho (c.1715-78) who was in partnership with William Vile from 1751, and certainly its quality would imply a top London maker. Condition Front rail braced and two legs heavily strengthened. A little loss of height on feet. Chips to gadrooning. 20th century upholstery. Materials Limewood. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 90 W. 67 D. 65 Parker Numbers Plastic label inside seat rail: ‘OM 2024’. Associated number: 2437. Provenance Acquired by Frederick Parker & Sons by 1913, when it was valued at £15.0.0. Notes A number of similar chairs have appeared on the market: one with gadroon carving running over the tops of the front legs is illustrated in M. Harris & Sons, The English Chair, 1937, pl. LXX. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF183 Title A name given to the resource Simulated mahogany armchair with upholstered seat and back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1775-1785. Description An account of the resource An upholstered open armchair with carved frame and cabriole legs made in limewood, stained and grained to simulate mahogany. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/765b094352fe2993918780b126b63063.jpg dc400ed351294e7964d10f29c9dd35af https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/198b2b212885c34288113d3bc044a9b6.jpg bcc0c8a302b38b6bd169f35890dad59f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/3eef8975c700281e6a72b3029a723e97.jpg f9431da325c1ef8891d551e4e6daae8b https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/5038213549e8894681f0525b76b0f320.jpg 4277bc6005b6a1e7ded6d5c8b53f3d49 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f0260c900133992a65632075750866f4.jpg b5f2b946c95675978f418d345a47bd37 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This cream-painted and parcel-gilt (part gilded) beech armchair is a 19th century interpretation of the French neo-classical taste of 1770 to around 1785. The arched and moulded crest rail centred by a large carved shell joins channel-moulded back posts and a lower rail. A central oval frame, also channel moulded, is held by foliate carved supports, and encloses an upholstered back cushion. The down-curved scroll arms carved with leaf-work are in two parts, the top with padded arm rests; they join tapered square fluted arm supports rising from the tops of the front legs. The chair has a bow front stuff-over seat with carved paterae in panels on the seat rail. The front legs are turned, tapered and fluted with square top sections carved with paterae; the back legs are similar, and raked; all have toupie feet. The upholstery and green velvet covers are 20th century. The painted and part gilded surface is original, although now flaky and unstable. This drawing room chair is a good example of a late-19th century reproduction of French neo-classical style, made popular in the latter part of the 18th century by menusiers (chair-makers) such as Jean-Baptiste-Claude Sené and Jacob Frères in France, and Francois Hervé, a French emigré craftsman, in England. From the mid-19th century, highly successful English makers such as Holland & Sons and George Trollope & Sons were exhibiting furniture in the French style at most of the international exhibitions – the latter most notably in 1862, 1867 and 1878. When it was purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons in 1925, it may well have been sold as, and taken for, a genuine French antique. Condition In good original condition, although the painted and gilded finish have deteriorated. Repairs to one arm support. Upholstery replaced. Materials Beech. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 97 W 61 D. 61 Parker Numbers 6045 or 6042 Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons in March 1925 for £16.10.0. Notes J. Meyer, ‘Trollope and Sons – Makers and Exhibitors of Fine Furniture’, The Decorative Arts Society 1850 to the Present, 2001, pp. 87-96. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF192 Title A name given to the resource Painted and gilded beech armchair with oval back cushion and upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1860-1880 Description An account of the resource Painted and gilded beech armchair with oval back cushion and upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/5af3b2a0b4ddc165892afcb6208f3efd.jpg 7bbe3fa976c89b6d00a11fc188379968 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6261c869d54209e6a27602f73363bd6b.jpg 6046140522cd7ed9b1e8ff57495f4a15 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/bbeaba11d39b45c8074db0540ed8aa79.jpg d950c195819d74e832abbd9b4b69ac42 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/dc6b3c237641aa1c1685c5ba57a35656.jpg 6c6e44f6d41555b20fe0b4b92e901f90 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b16b83a8760584ac6b3d900bc22749f0.jpg a43c229b64dfca5dc1b121212b6c5b59 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany-frame armchair has a cartouche-shaped upholstered back. The out-scrolled arm rests are part-upholstered and meet fluted mahogany down-swept supports fixed to the seat rail. The stuff-over seat has a serpentine front and a deep apron. The chair is raised on cabriole legs at the front and raked square-section flared legs at the back that terminate in toe feet. The chair is covered in a modern pink satin damask. The pattern for this chair can be compared to two designs by the cabinet- and chair-maker John Linnell (1729-96), now held in the Victoria & Albert Museum, London (E.59-1929; E.85-1929). Inspired by ‘French elbow chairs’, Linnell’s interpretation of the rococo style can be seen in the curved arm rails, the S-shaped curves at the front of the seat and the cabriole front legs. This chair would most likely have been part of a suite of chairs and perhaps sofas to furnish a drawing room, used by family as well as guests. This was the room to which people would retire after a meal, usually the women leaving first while the men remained for a while in the dining room with port and cigars. Drawing room chairs were designed to be elegant, comfortable and convenient. A set of eight chairs made to the first of Linnell’s designs discussed above (together with two sofas en suite) was supplied to William Drake at Shardeloes, Buckinghamshire, in 1768 (Hayward, Kirkham, 1980). Condition Metal brackets reinforcing three legs. Left front leg corner bracket missing, right front leg both corner brackets missing. Repairs to both back legs and left front leg. Materials Mahogany. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 94 W. 66 D. 61 Parker Numbers 500 Provenance In the Collection prior to 1993. Notes H. Hayward, P. Kirkham, William and John Linnell: Eighteenth Century London Furniture Makers, London, 1980, vol. II, p. 34, fig. 61. <a href="https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O754709/design-for-an-armchair-from-drawing-linnell-john/">Design For An Armchair From A Miscellaneous Collection of Original Designs | John Linnell | V&A Explore The Collections</a> <a href="https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O754683/designs-for-two-armchairs-from-drawing-linnell-john/">Design For Two Armchairs From A Miscellaneous Collection of Original Designs | John Linnell | V&A Explore The Collections</a> This chair is on loan to No 1 Royal Crescent, Bath. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF193 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1765-1785 Description An account of the resource Mahogany open armchair with upholstered seat and back and cabriole legs. Title A name given to the resource Mahogany open armchair with upholstered seat and back. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e0c5ae647e54eb106a27fb9bd6bd0763.jpg 8b024745ef100252c428c9c88e191354 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/86f01e6bc0249dac8e13891b3ae1d982.jpg 410e691df798f2b20b0d7676d1600002 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/41397d234dc8c4d2d0efdd239c45587c.jpg e45e248661dd605f7a0e621b789b5377 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f92066fa435e38e69334274be51a6e81.jpg d59983741e1d8ab57321a96883a313a8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/df3de35e17e13383b74631e52361f604.jpg 5b5178a48815e79eca325b379cd85f63 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/18c6f193da33be6254f2b7c94e51e162.jpg e0465bde96d980f6c2fd9aafc8bf8902 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fbfc7dfcdf20c4f42eb90e160ab8359b.jpg 970fe7676314004a36cfae3f20e632f5 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/dedeab818eb915248f2968d83c245841.jpg 3a43b7a7b0d05fb376cfc97c27e83a42 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b9feba75d4973dd5d475c0bb16f4d58d.jpg 35511949a76344198f1ba248f106b538 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This delicate beech armchair in neo-classical style is painted white with parcel gilt. It has a shield-shaped upholstered back, the frame moulded and carved with ribbons and husk chains. The centre of the crest is carved as a ribbon knot in three bows. Down-swept short arms and supports meet the tops of the front legs. The stuff-over seat has serpentine sides and front, the rails shaped, moulded and carved. The front legs have squared blocks at the tops carved with paterae, and are turned, tapering and fluted below, ending in ‘toupie’ feet; the back legs are flared. The decoration is part carved and part composition, i.e., moulded and applied. The upholstery is modern. The neo-classical style developed in England under the influence of the architect Robert Adam on his return from Italy in 1758. The style came to dominate architecture and interior design during the second half of the eighteenth century, during which time there was a great increase in the building of new houses both in the country and in towns and cities, particularly for the newly-rich professionals such as bankers, lawyers and doctors, and a consequent growth in demand for furnishings. Hepplewhite’s The Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer’s Guide of 1788, which exemplifies the spirit of Robert Adam’s neo-classicism on a more domestic scale, calls armchairs such as this one ‘cabriole chairs’, the term apparently coming from the chair-like seat of the two-wheeled cabriolet carriages that were popular at this period. This chair would have been for a drawing room and would probably have been part of a grand suite which included one or more settees. Beech was used for chairs which were intended to be painted or japanned, since it was cheaper than mahogany and not considered suitable as a show-wood. The firm of Gillows began making cabriole chairs from the early 1770s. They recommended in a letter of 1789 that dining chairs should be made of mahogany, the dining room traditionally having a more masculine feel to it, but chairs intended for the saloon or drawing room might be painted, unless they were to be moved from one room to the other (see Stuart, 2008). The white and gold decoration, part of which is original, would have matched that of the room, and the upholstery, which is modern, would probably have been covered initially with an expensive silk, as befitted the quality of the chair and its surroundings. Condition The oval paterae are missing from the tops of the legs. All four legs have been re-tipped. The upholstery and cover are modern. Materials Beech. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 94 W. 61 D. 63 Parker Numbers 904. 1944. Provenance Acquired by Frederick Parker & Sons pre August 1915, when it was valued at £6.10.0 Notes Susan Stuart, Gillows of London and Lancaster, 1730-1840, Antique Collectors’ Club, 2008, Vol. I, p.181. A. Hepplewhite & Co, The Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer’s Guide, 1788, plates 10, 11 and 12. These can also be found in The Pictorial Dictionary of British !8th Century Furniture Design, The Printed Sources, compiled by Elizabeth White, Antique Collectors Club, 1990. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF198 Title A name given to the resource Painted and gilded beech armchair with upholstered seat and back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1790. Description An account of the resource A shield-back open armchair in beech, carved and painted white with parcel gilt. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/2d766866afd8af8da626ca7cd4789ad3.jpg 2f0c836313384c3053de392172af99ce https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/8a0fc5768a918847cc4376e6ee3c1cd6.jpg 2353b93cdf426f6c18ac59fdedf044fc https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6d5bf90954c0cf5a5b740dddbdfb851f.jpg 655063cce896adc480d10ed504dd9700 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/618f856d848fd88b6128bf1b44adc96d.jpg 8472a7046920b221859613837ecd28db https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/17d4e764f54c5cf7fb26d90ce65d10ca.jpg 73776ac9556b0326f0525a0daa4a5611 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This armchair has an upholstered oval back within a painted and moulded (probably beech) frame with stylised anthemion carving on the crest. The short arms have upholstered pads on the horizontals and terminate in scrolls, meeting down-swept supports which rise from the front legs. The supports are painted with husk pendants. The shaped stuff-over seat has a straight front above a seat rail with painted anthemion. The chair is raised on square-section and tapering front legs with square blocks at the tops, painted with paterae, and terminating in block feet. The legs are painted to simulate fluting. The back legs are square-section and raked. The chair has been entirely re-painted and the upholstery is replaced with a damask cover and braided trimming. This type of chair was popular in Britain from the 1770s, and is typical of the neo-classical style adopted by Thomas Chippendale (1718-79) and John Linnell (1729-96). The form derives from the French interpretation of Grecian style (goût grec) of the 1760s, characterised by severe rectilinear lines and Greek detailing. It remained popular in the 1780s and 1790s with designs featuring in Hepplewhite’s The Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer’s Guide (White, 1990). On painted (or japanned) furniture, Hepplewhite stated: ‘For chairs, a new and very elegant fashion has arisen within these years, of finishing them with painted or japanned work, which gives a rich and splendid appearance to the minuter parts of the ornaments, which are generally thrown in by the painter. Several of these designs are particularly adapted to this style, which allows a frame-work less massy [sic] than is requisite for mahogany; and by afforting [sic., i.e. assorting] the prevailing colour to the furniture and light of the room, affords opportunity, by the variety of grounds which may be introduced, to make the whole accord in harmony, with a pleasing and striking effect to the eye’. Condition Re-painted and re-upholstered in the 20th century. Back right leg is replaced, the other three have been re-tipped. Metal brackets have been used to reinforce the back. Materials Beech. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 95 W. 61 D. 64 Marks Inscription: ‘D1160-12 MUNCASTER Cumberland’. Parker Numbers 1091 Provenance Not recorded (1993 record missing?) Notes Ed. E. White, Pictorial Dictionary of British 18th Century Furniture Design, Woodbridge, reprinted 2000, p. 105, A. Hepplewhite & Co., The Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer’s Guide (1788, 1789), Plate 12. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF200 Title A name given to the resource Painted beech upholstered armchair with oval back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1780-1790 Description An account of the resource Painted beech upholstered armchair with oval back. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b9b96f900c607c5c46ebce6914ee58be.jpg bb6d046ea3c8945f96be5fc439559a0b https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c7490b75d22ed290cb8e69d85c28a5b4.jpg 42ab03930bec74f5346709ad9f480888 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/11fdf21bb5df7576cb058db0f9855b6e.jpg 71775b8b869ab73f11e7748c17228057 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/612f56733528525aeefdcf5845721ea1.jpg 4f42d6b46d593aa1d92e47fa4e7ee96d https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f39faae487065816493ba6b3baeefd24.jpg d25764924a0cdce34aebbd8800e13fa2 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0db4754d7c828e3dcf870cfe443b070b.jpg 9beab2df6138ff6ca7b5ef76e0fe90e1 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This painted open armchair has an oval, moulded and upholstered back and down-swept arms with upholstered pads. The back is continuous with the back leg. The seat rail is fluted and the stuff-over seat is shaped and bow-fronted. The chair is raised on square-section panelled legs at the front with ‘toupie’ feet (toupie is French for a spinning top). There are carved paterae within square panels where the legs meet the seat-rail. The back legs are raked, also with ‘toupie’ feet. The flowered damask cover is modern. This chair is typical of the neo-classical style fashionable from the early 1770s. It was a form adopted by Thomas Chippendale (1718-79) and his contemporaries including John Linnell (1729-96), whose designs for related models are in the Victoria & Albert Museum, London (E.82-1929; E.99-1929). Sets of chairs after this pattern with square-section legs are at Harewood House, Yorkshire, and in the collection of the Duke of Argyll at Inveraray Castle, Argyll, Scotland (Hayward, Kirkham, 1980). It is interesting to note that Linnell’s models alternated between the arms joining the top of the legs, as in this example, or the seat rail, whereas the latter form was characteristic of Chippendale’s chairs. Painted furniture was popular in this period, and considered particularly appropriate for drawing rooms, bedchambers and dressing rooms. Condition The gilding and paint finish appear to be original. The upholstery is replaced. Materials Beech. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 93 W. 60 D. 49 Parker Numbers 4476. 5188. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons pre 1911 from Cliffords, Bond Street, for £10.0.0. Notes H. Hayward, P. Kirkham, William and John Linnell: Eighteenth Century London Furniture Makers, London, 1980, vol. II, pp. 46-45, figs. 87-89. This chair is on loan to No 1 Royal Crescent, Bath. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF202 Title A name given to the resource Painted beech upholstered open armchair. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1780 Description An account of the resource Painted beech upholstered open armchair with oval back.