2 10 191 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c7d89457b94b09ed994873575907affa.jpg 67fd9e3e76eb4cd749e5d8d8a5b2b7b9 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/3dab89eb523b0ecbb2333480c90e191f.jpg 90260420947dcac344a144c7407d65dc https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/997a342243a65745746147579de580a3.jpg 2e45e9c2478f26f6241d8f5fa58a6192 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/39e60ac403cbc4150ff095a2d99eab2c.jpg ac5df5a9d31df6dd403ca83c8644e6f8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/89d1b4ac082ed19db3b2a8e1c4489281.jpg dfdbe91708e0dcbfbdbd5e1d6a5121ad Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This upholstered easy chair has a beech frame with a high upholstered rectangular back and full-height slightly splayed wings on either side, with straight and flat upholstered arms which are also slightly splayed; the arms rest on diagonally set ‘horsebone’-carved supports which are continuous with the front legs, similarly shaped and carved with leaves, terminating in scrolled-under feet. The seat rails support a part-boarded bottom, possibly original, and are covered with fabric and trimming which conceals the seat frame; it is furnished with a loose cushion. The deep front stretcher is richly carved and pierced with scrolls. There is an H-form stretcher which is a replacement, with baluster turnings, squared blocks at the back and side joints, and round blocks at the front joints; these stretchers are of beech, without stain or polish. The back legs are square section and raked. The exposed parts of the frame are ebonised, i.e., stained black to resemble ebony. Easy chairs were a development of so-called sleeping chairs, such as the example at Ham House, c.1678, which has a reclining back (Bowett, 2002). From around 1690, easy chairs with fixed backs and wings, or ‘cheeks’ began to be made in greater numbers, but they were clearly luxury items involving a large amount of expensive upholstery. They were the forerunners of the later so-called Queen Anne and Georgian wing armchairs which remain a popular form to this day. The use on this chair of diagonally set ‘horsebone’-carved legs and arm supports is comparable with an easy chair at Knole, c.1690 (Bowett, ibid), and the suggested date for the present chair is c.1690-1710, although it has been altered and restored. The arms have been replaced in elm, and it is suggested the original arms may have been curved and set rather higher, since the arm supports have been truncated. The straight and flat arms seen here conform to designs by Daniel Marot, and are seen on the easy chair in his 1703 engraving of the library at Het Loo (Bowett, ibid), so it is possible this was a reference for the replacement arms. Overall the chair is rather too narrow and it is possible it was converted from a high-back upholstered easy chair with curved wooden arms, into the present winged chair. Other repairs are to the front stretcher which has had one half replaced and the whole has been re-backed. The upholstery of the chair is 20th century: it is of the correct shape, however, and the red velvet cover is appropriate in style. Eyelet holes in the sacking under the seat show this was re-used bed canvas. The chair was copied as a reproduction piece in the 1920s and 1930s by Frederick Parker & Sons and later by Parker Knoll. Condition Arms replaced in elm. Front stretcher part-replaced and restored, with new back support. H-form stretchers replaced. Upholstery 20th century. Materials Beech with elm and oak repairs. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 124 W. 71 D. 89 Parker Numbers Cloth label sewn under the seat, inscribed 884. 926. 4387. Parker Knoll models PK521 and PK530 were reproduced from this chair. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons, May 1911, from Thornton and Smith for £11.10.0. Notes Adam Bowett, English Furniture 1660-1714, Antique Collectors Club, 2002, p. 95, Plate 3:47 for the Ham House chair; p.243, Plate 8:24 for the Marot engraving; and p. 251, Plate 8:41 for the Knole easy chair. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF024 Title A name given to the resource Winged easy chair with ebonised beech frame Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1690-1710 Description An account of the resource Winged easy chair with ebonised beech frame, carved ‘horsebone’ legs and scroll-carved stretcher. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/7db39c2d32d364a5c426f96a3a454e5d.jpg 5aa9e92ab20f4548cda220983808939d https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c240447e8bcdf499a468e8a7b44e3d56.jpg 6392696c5cb45045d18347e173a0178c https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9964709fb31696bf3a30a2f43859b4c5.jpg d934d36d8fa6e3971e3f9891f87a4d70 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/4434f0c25064f7bfae4bee937bca4ed6.jpg 3290441baee6a24cf52728ac6449e389 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/321873e41c1131d36ef54350165d759b.jpg ef71642cb156b62b328340598e050b0b https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0130a300b528cecc67ef8e4d1d2c62c6.jpg 9ec39e9279ffc02d74b78c8c230bd38b Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This high-back walnut chair has an elaborately carved and pierced crest rail of scrolls and leaves surrounding a single arch. The crest rail is fitted onto the tops of the back posts, which are continuous with the back legs, and are baluster-turned with squared blocks at the rail, seat and stretcher joints. The back is angled back from the seat, and the legs are raked with heels to provide stability. Between the back posts and below the crest there are two vertical panels and a cross rail, all with channel mouldings, enclosing a caned panel. The caned seat frame is joined into the back posts and the front legs are dowel-jointed into the underside. The front legs are baluster-turned at the top and ‘horsebone’ shaped below, set on the diagonal, terminating with scrolls and turned feet. Between the front legs there is an elaborately carved and pierced stretcher to match the crest rail. The legs are joined by an H-form stretcher: the side stretchers are turned with squared blocks at the joints with back legs and cross stretcher, and turned ends at the joints with the front legs. The cross stretcher is carved and pierced in the form of a double arch laid flat, with a central turned finial. At first sight this appears to be a good example of the fashionable tall-backed caned chairs of the early 18th century, with a finely carved crest rail and front stretcher to match. On close inspection, however, the chair has been extensively restored (see under Condition below); much of this work may have been carried out in the early 19th century when there was a revival of interest in furniture of this period, and further repairs may have been undertaken by Parkers in the early 20th century. In its original form it would have been an expensive choice of chair, due to the quality of the carving and the fine canework, which was achieved by using thinly cut cane woven through closely spaced holes in the frames. The date of the chair is likely to be after 1709, since the practice of fitting the crest rail on top of the back posts, the ‘superimposed crest rail’ as described by Adam Bowett, has not been found on documented chairs earlier than the 1709 Bishop Compton chair in St Paul’s Cathedral (Bowett, 2002). The additional height achieved with the tall crest rail required balancing by increasing the rake of the back legs. The fashion for these extremely tall chairs had begun to fade by around 1720. The chair is stamped with the initials IM on the back leg. This probably identified the joiner responsible for the chair, which would have been the work of several craftsmen, including a turner, carver and basketmaker, coordinated by a joiner. It was almost certainly made in London, since this was virtually the only place where such chairs were produced (Dewing, 2008). Condition The crest rail is replaced. The right back panel has been repaired to support caning. The lower back rail is replaced. All the seat rails are replaced. The right front leg is replaced. The back legs are re-tipped. The medial cross stretcher and finial are replaced. The stretchers are supported with iron brackets. The caning in the seat and back has been replaced. Materials Walnut. Cane. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 133 W. 46 D. 45 Marks Stamped with initials IM on right back leg. Parker Numbers PATTERN OM 3704 Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons in 1914 for £8.0.0 from Kennedy. Notes Adam Bowett, English Furniture 1660-1714, From Charles II to Queen Anne, Antique Collectors’ Club, 2002, pp. 262-4. David Dewing, Cane Chairs, Their Manufacture and Use in London, 1670-1730, Regional Furniture, Vol XXII, 2008. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF025 Title A name given to the resource High banister-back walnut side chair with caned seat and back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1710-1720 Description An account of the resource High banister-back walnut side chair with caned seat and back, carved crest rail and front stretcher. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fefe26f72cc5eb44c23138532864c308.jpg d9c5c95fca561fbdb874bd44bb5d1800 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/a3ac1ba1f59d2fadc655bd10ccfb9192.jpg 813f5f147f091997fb60e5f504cb7339 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/ff7166bb6d0216fe0d3c63082ac31907.jpg a7a7e5ff01043e4ec1581ff791b9f760 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9b0029f6246d8803decb22154214c62d.jpg b75cbb6f3929129ccea1127bd31cb435 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0facb69ab0c5008b4b8779e046d7da75.jpg 8424c5058b03e590b844efdbce7fbe9f Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description Although this appears at first sight to be a 16th or 17th century chair, it is a 19th century reproduction; the only period elements are the carved walnut arms which are late 17th century and probably Continental. The chair has an arch-shaped, fully upholstered back, with the top of the arch dipped. The back-cloth is partially torn, exposing part of the frame, which appears to be beech. The back posts extend from the tops of the X-frame, and where they are exposed below the line of the upholstered back they are stained to resemble walnut. The 17th century arms are down-swept and end in full scrolls; they are finely carved with acanthus leaves at the shoulders and towards the front, each with a beaded channel along the top. The front X-frame is similarly carved with acanthus leaves and beading and ends in scrolled feet matching the arms; the upper and lower sections of the frame meet with a large carved roundel. The back frame is simpler, with plain squared elements, and the frames are joined with an H-stretcher turned with balusters and rings, and with squared blocks at the side joints. There is also a plain turned dowel running from front to back below the seat to provide additional support to the frame. The stuff-over seat is fitted across the frame and has a loose deep cushion. The cover is faded gold velvet with braided trimming and fringing, probably early 20th century. X-framed chairs derive from antiquity; in their Roman form they are known as ‘curule’ chairs and were always associated with high status. They were revived in the Renaissance period for heads of church and state, referred to as ‘Savonarola’ chairs in Northern Italy. In their early form they were made to fold, which made them easier to transport as their owners travelled across their areas of jurisdiction. Authentic early chairs are rare (Beard, 1997, Bowett, 2002 and Chinnery, 1995), but reproductions became popular as part of the Romantic movement in the early 19th century. This example combines a medieval form with late 17th-century arms and a type of stretcher which echoes those of English chairs from 1690-1720. The arms would probably have been from a high-back upholstered armchair of around 1680, not unlike that illustrated in Bowett, p.105. The chair was bought by Frederick Parker & Sons in Rouen in 1926, when it was probably thought to be a genuine 17th century chair. Parkers made a replica of it in c.1935 which is now in the collection, see FPF377. See also FPF028 and 467 for further examples of X-frame chairs. Materials Walnut. Beech. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 100 W. 61 D. 62 Parker Numbers Painted inside seat rail 26/6275/3244. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons, 1926, in Rouen, France, for 250 Francs Notes Geoffrey Beard, Upholsterers and Interior Furnishing in England, 1530-1840, Yale, 1997, pp.68-80. Victor Chinnery, Oak Furniture, The British Tradition, Antique Collectors’ Club, 1997, pp. 126-8 Adam Bowett, English Furniture 1660-1714, From Charles II to Queen Anne, Antique Collectors’ Club, 2002, p.68 and p.105, Plate 3:61. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF026 Title A name given to the resource X-framed walnut armchair with upholstered back and seat cushion. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1840-1860, with 17th century arms. Description An account of the resource X-framed walnut armchair with upholstered back and seat cushion, 19th century reproduction with 17th century arms. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/34504be0735c87378a9c966886f71526.jpg 071d38b28293e12dbb63e919ec111c87 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9102f9b635da382b90f0a1014d2333bd.jpg b3307a511690b40154ebca71bef82883 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/acb0cb1202dd09944562155526a3cbc0.jpg 8f94e169b7bb722cbdfd1c06da39dca9 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/47fe92ea08a57be8af3aeeaa7f8c7fb1.jpg 0a9bba288ac579780ac1939431f8073d https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/4e21f25cbb41a7985eff53bdf6cf318a.jpg 37eeb6db891269cf9633a491fe73d128 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This walnut armchair has a frame with ‘pillar’ front legs, steeply raked back legs and wavy H-form stretchers with an asymmetric medial stretcher, which together indicate a date of c.1720 (Bowett, 2009). The upholstered back and arms are scrolled and the seat has a deep, loose cushion. The seat rails have shaped walnut aprons, and the front apron is decorated with turned roundels. The octagonal pillar legs have panels with burr walnut veneer, and the stretchers are veneered in cross-grained walnut, with a turned centre to the medial rail. The feet have been cut down and replaced with castors, possibly in the 19th century. The chair has been re-upholstered in the 20th century. Originally this chair would have had a higher back, giving it more elegant proportions; for a sense of how it might have been, see Bowett, 2002, p.255, Plate 8:47. See also the Roberts armchair in the Victoria and Albert Museum collection, now on loan to Houghton Hall. Condition The legs have been cut down to fit castors. The right back leg has been repaired. The back has been reduced in height and re-shaped. The upholstery is modern. Materials Walnut. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 91 W. 79 D. 64 Parker Numbers 1388. 2122. 4988. PK529 Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons in 1912, when valued at £8.10.0. Notes Adam Bowett, Early Georgian Furniture, 1715-1740, Antique Collectors’ Club, 2009, p144, Plate 4:2 shows a side chair with similar frame. Adam Bowett, English Furniture 1660-1714, From Charles II to Queen Anne, Antique Collectors’ Club, 2002, p.255, Plate 8:47. For the Roberts armchair at the V&A, on loan to Houghton, see: <a href="https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O80345/armchair-roberts-family/">Armchair | V&A Explore The Collections</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF027 Title A name given to the resource Walnut armchair with fully upholstered seat, back and arms. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1720-1730 Description An account of the resource Walnut armchair with pillar legs, fully upholstered seat, back and arms, the arms and back scrolled. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9394eb7f1c92d944113cc955ff614f33.jpg c7cc8c8e771bf5040182e4993c778c5a https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0878397a38b2e9114b2d8adb4bf1f20b.jpg fae9af0e4feec1884b74d96d5d8a06f1 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/156cf1365d82b3b30d13922500beff90.jpg 396ad3128132f9878b201ff4d03d533d https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/dfde51f2e236ceb6e4181a2e6a724df4.jpg b4b611c9cb736e44e49f95331636303b https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0befbee1b5fe3142534271f30d01c0b4.jpg 11fe6a35ba4bdbae8b237964908c4813 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6eb5ed4e096bc3afe8e48b535f48b40f.jpg 853a359c2b8c9bac91bb946543d400fc Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This walnut chair has a caned back with a moulded arched frame, with the top of the arch dipped. The back posts rise from the back X-frame legs, which are plain, squared and shaped to match the front legs, although they terminate in simple vertical strut feet. The unusually slender arms are down-swept to meet the front supports, which are extensions of the X frame below. The front X-frame legs are moulded and curved and terminate in broken scrolls and scrolled feet. There is a turned H-form stretcher with squared blocks at the side joints. There is a further stretcher in the form of a plain dowel from front to back at the point where the X frames cross. The chair has been painted black, with later decoration in red and gold. The upholstered seat is set within the curve of the X-frame, resulting is a very deep cushion, covered in green velvet with fringing, all of which is modern and in a decayed state. The chair frame is stamped TB under the lower back rail. X-frame chairs are known to have been made in Ancient Egypt and Rome and they were revived in medieval times as chairs of high status. They were made as folding chairs, which allowed them to be transported easily, but this requirement had faded away by the 17th century and the frames of later chairs were fixed, as in this case. This chair appears to date from around 1700 and has survived in relatively complete and original condition, although it has undergone 19th century restoration and has been painted. It was bought by Parkers and subsequently copied for a commission from Cunard. Condition The black painted finish was probably applied in the early 19th century, and further paint in red and gold was added in the early 20th century. The H-stretchers were replaced in the early 19th century. The left scroll foot has been replaced. The upholstery and covers were replaced in the early 20th century. The cane in the back appears to be original, and is damaged. Materials Walnut. Cane. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 102 W. 61 D. 58 Marks Stamped ‘TB’ under the lower back rail, presumably the maker’s initials. Parker Numbers 6142 Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons, 17th May 1928, after the BADA exhibition at Grafton Galleries, from Burton £45.0.0. Provenance Furness Abbey. Notes For comparable X-frame chairs see FPF026, 377 and 467. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF028 Title A name given to the resource Walnut X-frame chair with caned back and upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1690-1710 Description An account of the resource A walnut X-frame chair with caned back and upholstered seat, painted black, red and gold. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/139883db926ac9c43b9348b898898059.jpg 96d4380ccc3ecfcdf1bf858bd1f1c1ac https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/ea3420b98ee6d4370f972da832bb6b82.jpg a7417f5840433fdb9a87f1b073393523 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/8325b8ee3647e4aeccef0f90a9c1d8ac.jpg fc58d5d16b87592f8615d677125dede8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/8d120922434e22acf15ea49d4054438f.jpg 1576c884cb24291cb557f6a8ec3488fc https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/599eacbfcca81c27c7d5f10170a1db4c.jpg 9534d305c1796c2613f814793d6908e8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/cbf16d5c5da071d281b24caf084148ea.jpg ff98785b7504f40105126e79c81aecb3 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This beech side chair has a high rectangular back with a scrolled top and bottom, upholstered and covered in painted leather, nailed with domed nails to the front face of the posts. The back posts are exposed between the seat and back and are moulded. The back is upright, and the back legs, which are continuous with the back posts, are turned and steeply raked, with squared blocks at the joints and flared heels. The tapered seat is upholstered in the same painted leather, although it is more faded and worn; it is nailed with domed nails along the lower edges. The front of the seat is shaped to meet the tops of the front legs, which are diagonally set, moulded cabrioles and terminate in spade feet. There is an H-form wavy, moulded stretcher and a higher turned rear stretcher. The high back, steeply raked back legs and cabriole front legs suggest a date for this chair of 1715 to 1720. The fashion for high-backed chairs developed in England in the 1690s and the raked back legs seen in this example became necessary from around 1710 to maintain stability. Cabriole legs began to be used in English furniture from around 1715, at first with this moulded form, and later rounded. As the name suggests, the idea of the cabriole leg was imported from France and developed from the earlier ‘horsebone’ form. The shaped back with a scrolled top is distinctive and bears comparison with a set of chairs with needlework covers made by Thomas Phill, the Royal upholsterer, and supplied to Canons Ashby in Northamptonshire in 1715 (Bowett, 2009). The painted leather covers are 18th century but possibly not original to the chair; the back cover is made up of two sections and it is suggested the lower portion is the earlier (Wood, 2008). The top portion is presumed to be cut from a screen or wall-hanging and the decoration is in the chinoiserie style, which was popular in the 1730s to 1750s. The upholstery beneath the leather, including the webbing and base cloth, is original. The angle of the back of the chair is unusually upright; it would probably have had a slight rake in its original form and has been altered as a result of a repair or restoration. The original back cover material would most likely have been nailed to the sides of the back posts, whereas here it is nailed to the front of the posts. The exposed portions of the back posts have been re-faced and it is also likely that the beech frame has lost its original finish; beech was a relatively inexpensive wood, compared to the more fashionable walnut, and was usually either japanned or stained and grained to simulate a more costly material. The front feet were replaced in the 1930s. Condition The painted leather is possibly not original to the chair; it may have been from a screen or wall hanging, c.1740. The leather is fragile, torn in places and has been much restored. The back appears to have been repaired, now upright rather than raked. The front feet were replaced in 1930. Materials Beech. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 119 W. 56 D. 56 Parker Numbers 4091 Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons, 6 March 1918 from Clifford for £12.10.0 Notes Adam Bowett, Early Georgian Furniture, Antiques Collectors Club, 2009, p.15, Plate 4:12. Lucy Wood, The Upholstered Furniture in the Lady Lever Art Gallery, Yale University Press, 2008 Vol. I, pp. 180-193. A set of chairs at the Lady Lever Art Gallery, Liverpool, covered with chinoiserie leather, is described in detail, with reference to this Frederick Parker Collection chair, see pp. 190-1, Fig. 132. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF030 Title A name given to the resource Upholstered beech side chair with painted leather covers. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1715-1720 Description An account of the resource A beech side chair with high scrolled back, cabriole front legs, raked back legs and serpentine stretchers, the seat and back upholstered with painted leather covers. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e7fe9956598c04343159f27e8893ba08.jpg b265841776c56e398abf7e4a7e3a48cd https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/ad72d52bce4c638e02712688679bcc66.jpg f16f726b11358d5551f5997b49b30e38 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/494f75b363a549b04bb49fcdeab989f4.jpg 3536d636bf4b2c6df5e40ca2edac92aa https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0d0f7dc11aaf8515718243781a2c56ab.jpg 997ed6ed5777f6dbc9845f4951eae3e7 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e46fdd4b015d6ec49ad748d474e27139.jpg 5996db6fc44df70323e2f60ec147ade5 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f756f92c921cab7868a6aa722587da2c.jpg 5e6456dd7a506a6062586b8c81d902dd Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This walnut side chair has a tall back with an elaborately carved and pierced arched crest with a central shell flanked by scrolls. The crest is fitted to the tops of the back posts which are moulded and joined by a lower rail, carved with an inverted shell and scrolls matching the crest. The back is caned. The seat rails, which are square-section and without decoration, are joined into the back posts and front legs, enclosing a tapered caned seat. The tops of the front legs are squared blocks with a turned roundel on the upper ends; the lower parts are cabriole with foliate carving on the knees and moulded edges, terminating in scrolled-over feet, also foliate carved. The back legs are raked, and are inverted baluster-turned with a reel, above squared and flared heels. The flat stretchers are H-formed, those at the sides are moulded, serpentine and taper towards the back, and the cross stretcher, set a short way back from the front legs, is similar and is carved with a shell in the centre. This form of chair, with a moulded back forming the frame to the caning, was introduced from around 1715. It was a simpler, less ornate style, replacing the turned banister posts and carved panels of high-back caned chairs dating from c.1700-1715. Gradually the carved crest rails and stretchers would also be replaced by simpler forms by around 1720, and the backs would be lower. Cabriole legs became a feature of English chairs from around 1715, when they were generally referred to as ‘French feet’ since this was where they appear to have originated, and were most probably a refinement of the earlier ‘horsebone’ leg (Bowett, 2009). This particular chair has been extensively repaired, probably during the 19th century when there was a revival of interest in early 18th century furniture. Old chairs were restored, and it was often the case that new chairs were fabricated using some original parts, in order to make up matching sets. The turned backs legs seen here are a particularly unusual feature, not original to the chair. The seat rails are also of a type seen on chairs dated between 1660 and 1700, and are out of place here. Condition There are metal brackets supporting the crest rail. The right back post has been repaired. Part of the shell carving in the back rail has broken off. The right and possibly the left back leg are replaced below the seat. All leg joints below the seat are reinforced with metal brackets. All the stretcher joints are reinforced with metal brackets. The cane in the back has been replaced. All the seat rails are replaced and the caning renewed. Materials Walnut Cane Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 124 W. 52 D. 53 Marks Chisel mark under the stretcher, IIIV. Parker Numbers OM 5697. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons, December 1919 for £19.10.0 Notes Adam Bowett, Early Georgian Furniture,1715-1740, Antique Collectors’ Club, 2009, pp. 150-5. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF032 Title A name given to the resource High-back walnut side chair with caned seat and back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1715-1725 Description An account of the resource High-back walnut side chair with caned seat and back, with cabriole front legs. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/7cf2b02bc61f1cc1e0e328708911871e.jpg a9d193ce61f75debd48f8d299060cacc https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/a9fea240ef797f15a4d97be3318fc7b5.jpg e59e1f49289d48a10d1a9f5bc07861c1 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/5cad77f78d0796c3cb1077e68e0a22d5.jpg b39758b7193df412aa0cc9b8c4c15a31 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/2b18ff91dd94d7b53bd16c6c28856099.jpg e6229ca4b1ba56fa349b6c1eff86fa51 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/4a1f4361e670f56bc801991c9acf68bc.jpg a82897c116488f6a900e0a13f09d80d8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9cc82e75ee3be0c3d86f1c9482a96fab.jpg 13345d14a800f3033eac9e9dbd8cc769 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This beech chair has a tall back with an arched, carved and pierced crest rail with scrolls at each end, fitted to the tops of banister-turned and raked back posts. Set within the back posts there is a wave-moulded oval frame which at the top forms part of the crest and at the bottom is joined to the back posts with short rails. The centre of the oval frame is fine-caned. The tapered and moulded seat frame is also fine-caned and is supported on top of the front legs, which are turned at the top and diagonally set moulded cabriole below, terminating in scrolled-over feet. The back legs are continuous with the back posts, turned and raked and with squared blocks at the joints and heels. The stretcher is H-formed, turned and with squared blocks at the joints, and there is a higher back stretcher, also turned. The caning in the back could be original, but the seat has had a seat rail replaced and the caning must have been replaced then. The ebonised finish appears to be original. This style of chair, with the tall back, banister-turned posts, superimposed crest rail, the seat frame resting on the front legs and the early form of cabriole leg dates to around 1715-20 (Bowett, 2002). Made of beech, this would have been more affordable than a similar chair in walnut; it was stained black to give the appearance of ebony, which was in fashion at this period but was a much more expensive, imported wood. The fine caning was achieved using thinly split cane and closely set holes; it involved more work for the caner and therefore added to the cost. The initials ‘IT’ on the back post are the mark of the maker, either a journeyman or a joiner, as yet unidentified, but the chair was almost certainly made in London, since there were very few cane-chair makers outside the capital at this period (Dewing, 2008). Like FPF032, the front legs are early examples of the cabriole form, here with a turned section above the cabriole indicating that perhaps the seat might originally have had a squab cushion with a fringe hanging over the sides. The replaced scroll feet may have been copied from FPF032, although they are not identical. Condition All of the legs have been re-tipped. The top of the right back post has been replaced. The right seat rail is replaced and the seat re-caned. The back caning appears original. A re-covered squab documented in the 1950s is now missing. Materials Beech. Cane. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 121 W. 49 D. 45 Marks Stamped ‘IT’ in two places on rear of left hand back post. Parker Numbers 35/6175. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons, 4th April 1929, from Brackley, Brighton, £3.0.0 Notes Adam Bowett, English Furniture 1660-1714, Antique Collectors Club, 2002, pp. 264-7. David Dewing, Cane Chairs, Their Manufacture and Use in London, 1670-1730, Regional Furniture, Vol XXII, 2008. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF035 Title A name given to the resource Ebonised beech side chair with caned seat and back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1715-1725 Description An account of the resource Ebonised beech banister-back chair with caned seat and back and cabriole front legs. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/35ae957e524ddc44fc4386146ea5feb1.jpg 96f3c4844fdd2dccb0ed3acef5ef50b3 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9060291fd9a3f19b63110574c5248fa0.jpg 4579b155f526b8f86fa5cae321e6a488 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/2135714ca8036cdab77ef510ec7063d6.jpg 7e82b056a608478575a1dad24416446f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/d5b209a7a15428006712c453e884c0d3.jpg ce2894e40c1ab26923cae314b0d269be https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/efd3ec157222e3ce15e18a047b089a7c.jpg 276454afb9d73784363e36cbe142c1d1 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6e154d0cb742e5a18c4ebc0820a88062.jpg d751f298b9bd1b91c56f4fd376b592cb Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This high back walnut chair has an elaborately carved and pierced arched crest rail with a shell in the centre flanked by S-scrolls decorated with leaves, florets and bell-flowers. The crest, moulded back posts and lower rail enclose a caned panel. There are leaf carvings at the joints between the back posts and the crest and lower rail. The lower rail is in the form of an inverted double arch. The back legs are continuous with the posts, moulded, scrolled and terminating in flared heels. The tapered stuff-over seat has an inverted double-arch apron at the front. The front legs are squared at the tops and of cabriole form, faceted and moulded and terminating in scrolled toes. The legs are joined by an H-form stretcher, the sides being serpentine and the cross-stretcher raised, scrolled and carved at the centre with leaves and husks. There are similarities between this chair and FPF032, and they are of similar date. It is possible the chair originally had a caned seat, with the upholstery being added in the early 19th century; the front seat rail may have been replaced at the same time. Condition The lower back rail is replaced. The front seat rail is replaced in oak. The left front leg has been re-tipped. Materials Walnut. Oak front seat rail. Cane. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 126 W. 53 D. 53 Marks Two of the stretchers and one of the back posts are stamped with the Arabic number 5, which could indicate this was one of a set of chairs. Parker Numbers Pencil inscription under right stretcher: 3442 (record sheet refers to 36/3443). OM 3 scratched into back of front stretcher. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons pre-1914, from Harrods £9.0.0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF036 Title A name given to the resource High back walnut side chair with caned back and upholstered seat Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1715-1725 Description An account of the resource High back walnut side chair with caned back and upholstered seat, with cabriole legs. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/d0d8e854beb2f9f3fb8c920fbc5a50c5.jpg 6929b3ee4e42f39c2a80fdee4ecb38d2 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/a8997a4d46992563c117a7f2a131f359.jpg 41ba4fd982126c6806aa7cceedf95ff9 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6d99053634b9bcbf7263395edd228f49.jpg e6bf3b242b5abc756814d7a01bd7b6aa https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/799a07064ac786928cd0b4cae00270e3.jpg b94d1e9588aab825abfc898a22caabce https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/3866b9bbb3b317dd0453bcedf1920c03.jpg b0c1b919c3135ef9bbb0f9c66ed8050f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b9647151bea71c6e9718055eee80956a.jpg 1dc4135fbdbb7d8d09f6d1ab11c6f51e https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/5abeceba46d58cec21564473a1caee82.jpg eb0a799dda34c1f664d09a6b75df4154 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This chair features twist-turned legs, stretchers and back posts, often seen on English caned chairs between 1670 and 1690. The back splat and crest rail are richly carved and pierced with scrolls, foliage and paterae, and the crest is surmounted by carved plumes, echoed in the carving on the front stretcher. The chair is made of chestnut with a walnut splat, which would be an unlikely combination on a late 17th or early 18th century chair and is a strong indication that this is a revival made in the first half of the 19th century. The velvet seat cover is 20th century. This form of chair is usually described as in the style of Daniel Marot, the French architect and designer for William III, active in the late 17th and early 18th century. Marot’s designs were typified by elaborate carving and richly ornamented upholstery for Dutch and English Royal and aristocratic households. This ‘Anglo-Dutch’ style was fashionable again in the early 19th century, when there was a strong popular taste for revival styles, from Gothic and Renaissance to Elizabethan, Jacobean and Queen Anne, in what is now described as the Romantic movement (Bowett, 2002). Although many examples of this type of chair survive in museums and historic houses, it is not always easy to identify which are of the earlier period and which are revivals, although in this case there is little doubt. Frederick Parker paid £12.10s for it in 1918, suggesting he believed it to be early 18th century. Condition Upholstery re-covered in the 20th century. Materials Chestnut. Walnut. Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 124 W. 51 D. 56 Marks There is an illegible inscription on the bottom of the back splat. Parker Numbers 4402 Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker & Sons from Springbett, July 24th 1918 for £12.10.00. Notes Adam Bowett, English Furniture 1660-1714, from Charles II to Queen Anne, Antiques Collectors Club, 2002, p.272-3. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF037 Title A name given to the resource High-back side chair with turned and carved frame and upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1835-1845 Description An account of the resource A high-back side chair with twist-turned frame, richly carved back splat, crest and front stretcher, and upholstered seat, in the style of Daniel Marot.