12 10 191 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1187eba30984f68bddd0415518453efd.jpg e140db813bb99698a8aaf70632b68dda https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/77335ba5475b058c05fefbe97eb1e7a4.jpg 1f8cad51be1e5c42715c9758b560154c https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/19a839398a188a7de4a2ff2b50bfd428.jpg 2db516d93348aeac2f0645441790b54d https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/166217ca417acbc210d0f61681a30b7b.jpg 17aea3d01cc776f250558bce354aee6d https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/27728005af7e3de9e219d797c682dced.jpg 25d919ac73270696dd681275e29b6f79 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/08d00d215577879e9eb6dd26dc45dffd.jpg 6d7c467362e8875641b8add27cc240a0 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/298155b84598f64022de1cee51520c40.jpg 65c4b803269d9b1b02de5285239bd9f6 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/7b992f6aab2fdcd1192b2b41ccf95fe7.jpg 5f623e84d6cc7fd7c837186c4c302209 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1aeea60f6b079ce5057b23e5e571b52c.jpg 3f99e80b9b0fa687f255c9e2f101a578 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This oak chair has an arched upholstered back with a dished feature at the top of the arch. The arms are carved, down-swept and scrolled at the ends, resting on supports which are extensions of the front X-frame. The square seat is upholstered and has a deep cushion. The legs are X-frames, the front frame carved with leaves and the back frame plain. There is a large carved roundel at the centre of the front frame and turned H-stretchers. A single turned stretcher also joins the front and back X-frame. <br /><br />This is a copy of a chair acquired by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in Rouen, France in 1926, now in the Collection (FPF026), almost certainly bought as a genuine Renaissance chair, but although it has fine 17th century arms the rest was made in the 19th century. <br /><br />The present chair was made by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in the 1931 as a copy of the fake French Renaissance chair (FPF026), which in turn was a revival of a classical form originating from Ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome. X-framed chairs were folding chairs owned by high status individuals from ancient times into the late medieval period. They were revived in the Renaissance period and reproduced in the 17th century and later. The later versions were not folding, and were often, like this example, fitted with upholstery. Condition In original 1930s condition, upholstery fabric now faded. Materials Oak.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 100<br />W. 63<br />D. 74 Parker Numbers 3244 or 3224 Provenance Made by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in 1931, valued £11.15.0. Notes See FPF026 in the Frederick Parker Collection. See also FPF467 for another X-frame chair. <br />For a similar chair in the V&amp; A, see W.12-1928, an X-frame armchair made in 1661 for William Juxon, Archbishop of Canterbury at the coronation of Charles II. See also W.6-1958, an English X- frame chair, c. 1720, and W.13-1989 for a 19th century Swedish reproduction. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF377 Title A name given to the resource Oak X-framed armchair with scrolled arms and upholstered seat and back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1931 Description An account of the resource A replica carved oak armchair with an X-frame, scrolled arms and upholstered seat and back. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9862ee0e68e6fcef1530a85f24544ee3.jpg b8a6d5411419d7b85ca3e796a1914ea4 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/ae269ffb489e686e390508212fe5913a.jpg 384df244d7543d19b4f8b451910694aa https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/d08375817e9e4749496d919b3be75384.jpg 122b4afc5aadeb9b0fdab5e1ee6fb1dd https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/133439d81237c089545817e8af334038.jpg d07b8be6bde559cf060c637e1db2aa03 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/28670ec820508b89c6271a801c5a85ac.jpg 9c19105a4f21f7a46115d835ae471c71 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This beech chair frame has an oval fluted chair back and short curved arms cut to receive upholstered pads, joined to down-swept supports that meet the tops of the front legs. The oval frame is continuous with the back legs. The seat rail is fluted, serpentine at the front and curved at the sides and back. The chair is raised on turned, tapered and part-fluted front legs with octagonal top sections and terminating in ‘toupie’ feet (toupie is French for spinning top). There are carved paterae within square panels where the legs meet the seat rail. The back legs are turned and raked, with ‘toupie’ feet. There are traces of the original paint scheme of ivory and duck-egg blue, as well as gilding, possibly from a later paint scheme. The upholstery has been entirely removed but there are traces of a red material and horsehair.<br /><br />This neo-classical chair is typical of the early 1770s. The form was used by Thomas Chippendale (1718-79) for some of his most important commissions, including sets of chairs at Harewood House, Nostell Priory and Newby Hall, all in Yorkshire (Gilbert, 1978). However, Chippendale’s distinctive models have arm supports that always join the seat rail rather than the top of the leg, as in this example. Contemporaries of Chippendale were supplying related chairs, for example by John Linnell (1729-1796) at Inveraray Castle, Argyll, and Osterley Park, Middlesex (Hayward, Kirkham, 1980) and those attributed to William Ince (d. 1804) and John Mayhew (1736-1811) at Cobham Hall, Kent (Cornforth, 1983). Condition The right arm has been replaced in pine.<br />The back left foot is replaced. Materials Beech.<br />Traces of upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 91 <br />W. 61 <br />D. 61 Parker Numbers Painted on the seat rail: ‘205/2151’<br />Plastic label: ‘OM 2151’. See: Frederick Parker Archive, Box 55, FPA050, Page 178. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in February 1913 from Clifford for £8 10s. Notes C. Gilbert, The Life &amp; Work of Thomas Chippendale, London, 1978, vol. II, pp. 106-109, figs. 178-187.<br />H. Hayward, P. Kirkham, William and John Linnell: Eighteenth Century London Furniture Makers, London, 1980, vol. II, pp. 46-47, figs. 90, 92-93.<br />J. Cornforth, ‘Cobham Hall, Kent – III’, Country Life, 10 March 1983, p. 571, fig. 10.<br />A closely related chair is shown in H. Cescinsky, English Furniture: From Gothic to Sheraton, Grand Rapids, 1929, p. 363, top left. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF205 Title A name given to the resource Oval back open armchair (frame only). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1790 Description An account of the resource Oval back open armchair frame, the upholstery to seat, back and arms missing. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/147e9025f0383bfc705d1b0d349d86b8.jpg d6994a9e17b818c43cb2f8e2286e0710 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1e4d69aa2b38c77d7c8ab43b36d06b07.jpg a6ebef340d25a4d98375b010a8da2a6e https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1359d967d92491c53330625c7c35872c.jpg e85544b1f89af6dc39a809a0163faa32 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e19f7066a029bdb70d24f11121e0f441.jpg 8aba48ed44e83e2c169cc9af79b8c5ab https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/65801e43559e2b6a5b6b1e70483c66b4.jpg e5e6504834f3e3057499f1de83fbcb3f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/2cc9884ea0455571a19d7280bef94059.jpg 5e460442f97d9e9f1571070ff22ad779 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f84250eadcdccc0583053f65613eb9ff.jpg 61931c275bf8bb35f6ae95f54b51b8a7 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/d43cf5957b661bb14865980e554eb081.jpg d4187f20f1b5b2a901a3fd53ae1109b3 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/49699d731e28552580e32b6a425d853c.jpg df3c9dbbd10f1d923a29a13737b832ad https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/910962e94c365f61360ed89691ad57df.jpg 41218210964aee359fa869bc58f0e2ac https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f65076085acce0de2d7d7eeeee2f64b5.jpg b882ab1bcf8dc8a3fc436ab697194eb0 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/37f314fd97c8b85c81055ddda224ece3.jpg d1b15418f0d641913e4e474a35102d17 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description The curved and scrolled back on this beech armchair has a panel of three splats of close-set vertical bars of rectangular section, above a lower turned rail. The arms are boldly scrolled, as are the supports. The caned seat has bowed rails, and the front legs are turned to simulate bamboo, curving outwards at the bottom, to match the flared rear legs. This chair is typical of the kind that Thomas Sheraton made popular with his Cabinet Dictionary of 1803.<br /><br />Beneath the later paint and gilding is evidence of original good quality gilding on a gesso surface. It is likely the chair was originally entirely gilded with black line decoration. <br /><br />The chair is stamped twice with the initials ‘JS’ under the front rail, probably the initials of the journeyman or maker. A number of painted and gilded chairs of this period are recorded with the same initials, including one linked to John Gee of Soho, the royal chairmaker (BIFMO). Condition Later finish is chipped and damaged. <br />The seat has been re-caned.<br />A squab cushion made in the late 19th or early 20th century was with the chair in 1993 but is now missing. Materials Beech.<br />Cane. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 79 <br />W. 56<br />D. 58 Marks Stamped ‘JS’ twice under the front rail. Parker Numbers 6107. 4329. Provenance In the Frederick Parker Collection pre-1954. Notes See Thomas Sheraton, Cabinet Dictionary, 1803, pl.3. <br />For details on John Gee see:<br /><a href="https://bifmo.furniturehistorysociety.org/entry/gee-john-1779-1824">Gee, John; Gee &amp; Sons; Gee, Thomas Ayliffe; Ayliffe &amp; Gee (1779–1824) | BIFMO</a><br />See also FPF316 for a similar chair.<br />The same arm shape, combined with Greek key decoration on a gilded and painted chair is illustrated in M. Harris &amp; Sons – The English Chair, 1937, pl. 88B. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF299 Title A name given to the resource Painted and gilded beech armchair with bar back, scrolled arms and caned seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1800-1820 Description An account of the resource Painted and gilded beech armchair with curved and scrolled bar back, scrolled arms and supports, caned seat and turned front legs. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/765b094352fe2993918780b126b63063.jpg dc400ed351294e7964d10f29c9dd35af https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/198b2b212885c34288113d3bc044a9b6.jpg bcc0c8a302b38b6bd169f35890dad59f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/3eef8975c700281e6a72b3029a723e97.jpg f9431da325c1ef8891d551e4e6daae8b https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/5038213549e8894681f0525b76b0f320.jpg 4277bc6005b6a1e7ded6d5c8b53f3d49 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f0260c900133992a65632075750866f4.jpg b5f2b946c95675978f418d345a47bd37 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This cream-painted and parcel-gilt (part gilded) beech armchair is a 19th century interpretation of the French neo-classical taste of 1770 to around 1785. The arched and moulded crest rail centred by a large carved shell joins channel-moulded back posts and a lower rail. A central oval frame, also channel moulded, is held by foliate carved supports, and encloses an upholstered back cushion. The down-curved scroll arms carved with leaf-work are in two parts, the top with padded arm rests; they join tapered square fluted arm supports rising from the tops of the front legs. The chair has a bow front stuff-over seat with carved paterae in panels on the seat rail. The front legs are turned, tapered and fluted with square top sections carved with paterae; the back legs are similar, and raked; all have toupie feet. The upholstery and green velvet covers are 20th century. The painted and part gilded surface is original, although now flaky and unstable. <br /><br />This drawing room chair is a good example of a late-19th century reproduction of French neo-classical style, made popular in the latter part of the 18th century by menusiers (chair-makers) such as Jean-Baptiste-Claude Sené and Jacob Frères in France, and Francois Hervé, a French emigré craftsman, in England. From the mid-19th century, highly successful English makers such as Holland &amp; Sons and George Trollope &amp; Sons were exhibiting furniture in the French style at most of the international exhibitions – the latter most notably in 1862, 1867 and 1878. <br /><br />When it was purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in 1925, it may well have been sold as, and taken for, a genuine French antique. Condition In good original condition, although the painted and gilded finish have deteriorated.<br />Repairs to one arm support.<br />Upholstery replaced. Materials Beech.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 97 <br />W 61 <br />D. 61 Parker Numbers 6045 or 6042 Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in March 1925 for £16.10.0. Notes J. Meyer, ‘Trollope and Sons – Makers and Exhibitors of Fine Furniture’, The Decorative Arts Society 1850 to the Present, 2001, pp. 87-96. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF192 Title A name given to the resource Painted and gilded beech armchair with oval back cushion and upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1860-1880 Description An account of the resource Painted and gilded beech armchair with oval back cushion and upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e0c5ae647e54eb106a27fb9bd6bd0763.jpg 8b024745ef100252c428c9c88e191354 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/86f01e6bc0249dac8e13891b3ae1d982.jpg 410e691df798f2b20b0d7676d1600002 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/41397d234dc8c4d2d0efdd239c45587c.jpg e45e248661dd605f7a0e621b789b5377 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f92066fa435e38e69334274be51a6e81.jpg d59983741e1d8ab57321a96883a313a8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/df3de35e17e13383b74631e52361f604.jpg 5b5178a48815e79eca325b379cd85f63 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/18c6f193da33be6254f2b7c94e51e162.jpg e0465bde96d980f6c2fd9aafc8bf8902 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fbfc7dfcdf20c4f42eb90e160ab8359b.jpg 970fe7676314004a36cfae3f20e632f5 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/dedeab818eb915248f2968d83c245841.jpg 3a43b7a7b0d05fb376cfc97c27e83a42 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b9feba75d4973dd5d475c0bb16f4d58d.jpg 35511949a76344198f1ba248f106b538 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This delicate beech armchair in neo-classical style is painted white with parcel gilt. It has a shield-shaped upholstered back, the frame moulded and carved with ribbons and husk chains. The centre of the crest is carved as a ribbon knot in three bows. Down-swept short arms and supports meet the tops of the front legs. The stuff-over seat has serpentine sides and front, the rails shaped, moulded and carved. The front legs have squared blocks at the tops carved with paterae, and are turned, tapering and fluted below, ending in ‘toupie’ feet; the back legs are flared. The decoration is part carved and part composition, i.e., moulded and applied. The upholstery is modern.<br /><br />The neo-classical style developed in England under the influence of the architect Robert Adam on his return from Italy in 1758. The style came to dominate architecture and interior design during the second half of the eighteenth century, during which time there was a great increase in the building of new houses both in the country and in towns and cities, particularly for the newly-rich professionals such as bankers, lawyers and doctors, and a consequent growth in demand for furnishings. <br /><br />Hepplewhite’s The Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer’s Guide of 1788, which exemplifies the spirit of Robert Adam’s neo-classicism on a more domestic scale, calls armchairs such as this one ‘cabriole chairs’, the term apparently coming from the chair-like seat of the two-wheeled cabriolet carriages that were popular at this period. This chair would have been for a drawing room and would probably have been part of a grand suite which included one or more settees. Beech was used for chairs which were intended to be painted or japanned, since it was cheaper than mahogany and not considered suitable as a show-wood. <br /><br />The firm of Gillows began making cabriole chairs from the early 1770s. They recommended in a letter of 1789 that dining chairs should be made of mahogany, the dining room traditionally having a more masculine feel to it, but chairs intended for the saloon or drawing room might be painted, unless they were to be moved from one room to the other (see Stuart, 2008). The white and gold decoration, part of which is original, would have matched that of the room, and the upholstery, which is modern, would probably have been covered initially with an expensive silk, as befitted the quality of the chair and its surroundings. Condition The oval paterae are missing from the tops of the legs. <br />All four legs have been re-tipped. <br />The upholstery and cover are modern. Materials Beech.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 94<br />W. 61<br />D. 63 Parker Numbers 904. 1944. Provenance Acquired by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons pre August 1915, when it was valued at £6.10.0 Notes Susan Stuart, Gillows of London and Lancaster, 1730-1840, Antique Collectors’ Club, 2008, Vol. I, p.181.<br />A. Hepplewhite &amp; Co, The Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer’s Guide, 1788, plates 10, 11 and 12. These can also be found in The Pictorial Dictionary of British !8th Century Furniture Design, The Printed Sources, compiled by Elizabeth White, Antique Collectors Club, 1990. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF198 Title A name given to the resource Painted and gilded beech armchair with upholstered seat and back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1790. Description An account of the resource A shield-back open armchair in beech, carved and painted white with parcel gilt. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6094851a195b1124ff94e6bca70e6668.jpg de47c81c1adf75f18cee63992fefa51e https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6cc89c47f2b55e6ad898684ee7128be8.jpg 4c7ad04d909838960cc8b985545d490c https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9b4e644d4a2691df9978eca25f839c72.jpg 504d60c1233b390bd07a29a38c45e356 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/09bd90488a46047e869b22b0896559bb.jpg 4c286d09a8ec0aeec337a6b90ffbe159 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/782fcd8f9c2579f5ee266b32124f6138.jpg 23d17bf7e8e7e3c34fc199a9c90bc4d4 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/31f96a4341e444d2e9dc39cae45d80e4.jpg d0db1dd9743a8b24de223b6232315587 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This beech armchair has an oval back formed as three concentric ovals; the inner oval has a painted classical urn, and is enclosed by the second oval formed of radiating bars; the outer oval frame has a moulded frame and is supported by eight radiating foliate carved bars. The sides of the back frame are continuous with the back legs. The short, curved arms meet curved arm supports which terminate in scrolls where they join the seat rail. The stuff-over seat is tapered at the sides and straight across the front. The chair is raised on tapering square legs at the front, and the back legs are slightly raked. The chair has been re-painted with an ivory base and green bellflower pendants, while the back has parcel-gilt on the radiating bars and blue swags around the central oval. The upholstery is also replaced.<br /><br />This is a good quality chair, with a complex back, but the repainting is poor and completely obscures the original decorative scheme. Painted beech chairs were popular in the late 18th and early 19th century; they could be decorated in colours to complement upholstery, hangings, carpets and painted decoration in drawing rooms and boudoirs, which tended to be brighter and lighter than in earlier periods, although darker schemes remained popular for dining rooms and libraries. In 1768, the breakfasting closet at Grimsthorpe, Lincolnshire, was described as having: ‘window shutters, the doors and the front of the drawers [let into the wall] all painted in scrolls and festoons of flowers in green, white and gold; the sofa, chairs and stool frames of the same’ (Country Life, 1927). <br /><br />In another example, a painted settee from Kyre Park, Worcestershire, c. 1768, is painted with mythological ovals after the artist, Angelica Kauffmann (ibid.). Chair frames with more limited space for such decoration had small panels of flowers, festoons and trophies applied to the splat or crest rail. One of the most important sets of painted seat-furniture is that designed in 1776 by the architect-designer, Robert Adam (1728-92) for the Etruscan Room, Osterley House, Middlesex (Tomlin, 1972).<br /><br />A comparable chair to this one (FPF241) is in the Victoria &amp; Albert Museum, London (W.52-1946; Tomlin, 1972). Condition The chair is re-painted and the upholstery is modern.<br />Front right leg part restored Materials Beech.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 99 <br />W. 56 <br />D. 56 Parker Numbers OM 1683. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons on 6th June 1912 from Thornton Smith for £7.10.0. Notes ‘Painted Furniture of the Late 18th Century’, Country Life, 5 November 1927, p. x, p. xliv, fig. 7.<br />M. Tomlin, Catalogue of Adam Period Furniture, London, 1972, cat. no. J/1, pp. 78-79; P/13, p. 136. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF241 Title A name given to the resource Painted and gilded oval back armchair. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1780-1800 Description An account of the resource Painted and gilded oval back armchair with upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6c61f7d57559213787c286f0776415e6.jpg 1d8cfe136aab7a33472575a4ec56a00a https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/96ec048f5e2de0f7409599af68f5ca42.jpg e2c7ff4db0ffb107bd49eb1d019d6561 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/7f0e5162c053d68d57d98e366f95ad02.jpg 3bef70af22b0f4eaf1d2d98b70391cc1 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/920f82b0320c446a1628a798969c498d.jpg 2a5d54a361dfc2199ae593db283169f4 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/d397c4ac708815b69573dce9676fa58a.jpg 68b3adbc9d8354145b9041e017d119b5 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b0e88024de15e471e48f4457e9ac0892.jpg 18d383ef38c2afc7b07e184b46998366 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This painted and parcel-gilt armchair has an oval back has a moulded frame with a carved crest inset with upholstery. The back is curved both horizontally and vertically and is supported with two out-scrolled, moulded struts which join the seat rail, and a further support at the centre of the back rail: these are unusual features. The padded arms are carved with fluting and join arm supports that are down-swept and meet the tops of the front legs. The upholstered seat is curved at the sides and back and has a serpentine front; the seat rails are moulded and have a shaped apron carved at the front with a gadroon border, a central oval patera and acanthus sprays. The chair is raised on moulded front cabriole legs with acanthus leaf and husk pendant carving on the knees and feet, while the back legs are moulded and flared; the feet are scrolled under in the French style. The chair has been painted white and gilt in the 20th century and the upholstery is modern with a pink brocade cover.<br /><br />Although the finish and upholstery are modern, this is a good example of this type of armchair in the French style. Its proportions are generous and it has a well-shaped back, signs of quality. Typical of English chairs with rounded seats, there are ‘cramp cuts’ on the inside of the seat rails to allow the leg joints to be cramped tight during assembly; there are also screw-holes in the underside of the rails where the chair was secured during transport. One French feature is an exposed strut across the rear of the oval back for added strength. The absence of decoration on the rear of the chair back suggests it was intended to stand against a wall. It was almost certainly one of a suite of chairs for a drawing room. Condition Repainted white and parcel-gilt in the 20th century.<br />Re-upholstered in the 20th century. Materials Beech.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 94 <br />W. 64 <br />D. 66 Parker Numbers Back right leg painted ‘167/5279’<br />OM 5279, pattern no. 4381. See Frederick Parker Archive, Box 55, FPA050. Page 119. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons on 22nd May 1919 for £12.10.0. Notes There are two examples of similar chairs in the French style at Hughenden Manor, Hertfordshire: <br /><a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/428621">Open armchair 428621| National Trust collections</a><br /><a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/428622">Open armchair 428622| National Trust collections</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF167 Title A name given to the resource Painted and parcel gilt open armchair with oval back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1780 Description An account of the resource A painted and parcel-gilt open armchair with upholstered oval back and seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/412c4681b00562c67b7a58c943cb0e9f.jpg 626e4730b1b323e9fb17073c4c0bccbb https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c590fb824756eaf90b635a4be3c5abfe.jpg dd6e6e934cc2101a964f48a735cf24af https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/8da13205b492d6774d6cab4211c82d2e.jpg 9f209b0f236be826b563184514a96a2a https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/998102ef646fe498f792aa24d817d787.jpg a7e790645e70dd79c33851b6e32304a7 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e753fe69a570dd4a78093ced3eb43fb0.jpg c631c25ba91ef747021e32d78ad08e63 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/24838bf008c8b806ea0f3ddc4c11066c.jpg f7ff469d0660f5379f25912f182a9ed4 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This painted beech chair has a caned cartouche-shaped back with a moulded frame, which is continuous with the back legs. The seat rail is serpentine at the front and curved at the sides and back. The seat upholstery is now modern, but it would originally have been upholstered to the line of a moulded lip in the seat rail; it was later re-upholstered and nailed along the bottom edge. An earlier cover, in the 1980s, was brown leather. The chair is raised on tapering turned legs, straight at the front, and raked at the back. There are traces of original decoration, probably green and white paint, beneath later green and yellow paint. The caning in the back is original. <br /><br />Rout chairs were intended for use at large assemblies, such as dances and banquets, and were described in Sheraton’s Cabinet Dictionary (1803) as ‘Small painted chairs with rush bottoms, lent out by cabinet makers for hire, as a supply of seats at general entertainments, or feasts; hence their name rout chair’. They might also be found in a domestic setting where they were used or kept in different rooms during the week and brought together for parties; a hand-coloured etching by Charles Williams, ‘Regency fete or John Bull in the Conservatory’ (1811) shows rout chairs around a banqueting table (Boram, 2015).<br /><br />A set of ten rout chairs, c. 1775, attributed to Thomas Chippendale (1718-79) was formerly at Brocket Hall, Hertfordshire (illustrated in Gilbert, 1978). Rout chairs with rush seats made by Gillows from the 1780s onwards were either stained or painted, stained chairs being less expensive (Boram). Evidently, rout chairs could be hired out: Ayliffe &amp; Webb, Chair Makers and Turners, active in c. 1765 at 49 Wardour Street, Soho, advertised: ‘Chairs lent for Routs’ (cited in Gloag, 1991).<br /><br />This chair may have been inspired by French models; it relates to a set of six French caned chaises en cabriolet by Georges Jacob illustrated in Kjellberg, 2002. Condition The joints between the side rails and back legs are pegged, which appears to be a strengthening repair and not a feature when the chair was made.<br />The seat upholstery is modern Materials Beech.<br />Cane.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 94 <br />W. 56 <br />D. 61 Parker Numbers OM 3884. See Frederick Parker Archive, Box 55, FPA050, Page 89. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons from Lenygon, December 1917, for £1.17.6 Notes T. Sheraton, The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803, vol. II, p. 299.<br />J. Boram, ‘The Domestic Context for Gillows’ Rush- and Cane-Seated Chairs’, Regional Furniture, vol. XXIX, 2015, pp. 50-52, and see Fig 3.<br />J. Gloag, A Complete Dictionary of Furniture, revised and expanded by C. Edwards, Woodstock, 1991, p. 572.<br />C. Gilbert, The Life and Work of Thomas Chippendale, London, 1978, vol. II, p. 103, fig. 175.<br />A set of nineteen painted and caned chairs, 1760-80, at Osterley House, Middlesex (originally twenty-four) is by their number and caning possibly a set of rout chairs, see:<br /><a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/771745.1">Chair 771745.1 | National Trust collections</a><br />P. Kjellberg, Le Mobilier Francais de XVIIIe Siecle, Paris, 2002, p. 421. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF208 Title A name given to the resource Painted beech and cane rout chair with upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1780-1800 Description An account of the resource Painted beech rout chair with caned back and upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b557020e78f4257d8922562719dcbe9c.jpg 5f3cbdfe80bc97de56ef90b1c53695b7 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/083ed4274dc02c5b9aadedbf499ab9d2.jpg 6501a53aa4983670d014fe5b1f0c89c6 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1571918e5288d5f6f31ff2524448e872.jpg 91bb316208fe033503c49f225cea57d4 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/a055bb989e422b5de6f5c82e80f2add0.jpg 6fe74ffe456a28f22ab63d19aa80b7bd https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1ad1cdae04dc3cd9c9bfd1d1306db37d.jpg 3d8a482ef5921c619c2dc44f6675a0af Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This painted beech tub chair has a tall back, winged sides and shaped seat, all caned. The back and sides are a continuous curve, and the back is supported with a single vertical bar in the centre. The chair is raised on turned tapering legs with ‘toupie’ feet (toupie is French for a spinning top) and the back legs are flared. The legs are joined by diagonal turned cross stretchers.<br /><br />A fully caned armchair is illustrated in Thomas Sheraton’s The Cabinet Dictionary (1803). The revival of caned furniture in the Regency period was remarked on by Sheraton: ‘About 30 years since, it was quite gone out of fashion, partly owing to the imperfect manner in which it was executed. But on the revival of japanning [painted] furniture, it began to be brought gradually into use and a state of improvement… The cane used for the best purposes, is of a fine light straw colour, and this, indeed, makes the most agreeable contrast to almost every colour it is joined with’ (cited in Gloag, 1991). Condition Section of front rail has been replaced.<br />Repairs to the rear of the chair-back – the central strut and lower back rail have been replaced.<br />The cane in the sides is original, the back and seat are re-caned. There is damage to the cane in places.<br />Original paint scheme is no longer present. The chair has been repainted. Materials Beech.<br />Cane. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 86 <br />W. 56<br />D. 56 Parker Numbers OM 146. Old 567. 2134 Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons pre 1911 when it was valued at 10 shillings. Notes T. Sheraton, The Cabinet Dictionary, 1803, opposite p. 20, top left.<br />J. Gloag, A Complete Dictionary of Furniture, revised and expanded by C. Edwards, Woodstock, 1991, p. 178. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF318 Title A name given to the resource Painted beech and caned tub chair. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1790-1800 Description An account of the resource Painted beech and caned tub chair. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/9fa71b793a4a49ebdcdebb47b9a8164d.jpg 0353af2cd40320560551db2367a0c9ba https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/2dd5cf70a231121a27b92cd9e00760e9.jpg 422ed075602fe1258ac449bacebeffa2 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/5c74d1e39c74c5d61d40107c4a56eb44.jpg 2218af9ddfb7a64b607b4426277ad3b0 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/a1571d4c002bc99ac2c9aa33ec71839e.jpg 60e7b56c3810e556ab59ac26d3ba2980 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/32a58dcaf2fe0c726b8182ec4e80517d.jpg fd66c10000feaf6bd1d9d3d0f0052316 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This cream and green-painted armchair with caned seat and back has a square framed back with an arched and moulded crest rail with carved scrolls meeting at the centre, and back posts which terminate in finials carved as flowers. The top of the back is hung with a padded and fringed cushion held in place with cords through the cane work. The down-swept arms are channel-moulded and terminate in scrolls carved with acanthus leaves and the down-swept supports have a line of carved pearling. The tapering caned seat has a squab cushion with some of the original filling. It is above a deep channelled seat rail. The chair is raised on turned, part-fluted and foliate-carved baluster-shaped front legs with carved panels at the top with pressed brass paterae, while the square-section back legs are flared.<br /><br />The design of this chair is probably inspired by French models, for example the fauteuils à la Reine by Georges Jacob (1739-1814), Jean-Baptiste-Claude Sené (1748-1803) and Jean-Baptiste Bernard Demay (maître in 1784) (Kjellberg, 2002).<br /><br />The novelty of using cane in chairs during the late 17th and early 18th centuries had declined in favour of fixed upholstery by the 1730s, but cane enjoyed a revival towards the end of the century, when it was increasingly used in light-weight chairs such as this, ‘sometimes simply as a support for a seat cushion or squab and sometimes as a decorative feature in a chair back, but essentially as a secondary material rather than as a primary feature’ (Dewing, 2008). In Thomas Sheraton’s The Cabinet Dictionary (1803), the entry ‘Cane’ is described as: ‘About 30 years since, it was quite gone out of fashion, partly owing to the imperfect manner in which it was executed. But on the revival of japanning [painted] furniture, it began to be brought gradually into use and to a state of improvement, so that at present it is introduced into several pieces of furniture, which it was not a few years past… The cane used for the best purposes, is of a fine light straw colour, and this, indeed, makes the most agreeable contrast to almost every colour it is joined with’ (cited in Gloag, 1991). Condition The paint is worn and faded, there are remains of white or cream over black, and small traces of green or blue.<br />The canework on seat and back appears original.<br />Castors were fitted at one time, now missing. Materials Beech.<br />Brass.<br />Cane.<br />Loose upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 91 <br />W. 61 <br />D. 66 Parker Numbers 1743. OM 519. See Frederick Parker Archive, Box 55, FPA050, Page 10. <br />1743 is probably the pattern number. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons pre 1914, valued at £2.0.0. Notes P. Kjellberg, Le Mobilier Francais de XVIIIe Siecle, Paris, 2002, pp. 418, 820, 288.<br />D. Dewing, ‘Cane Chairs, their Manufacture and Use in London, 1670-1730’, Regional Furniture, vol. XXII, 2008, pp. 53-82.<br /><a href="https://regionalfurnituresociety.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/cane-chairs-their-manufacture-and-use-in-london-1670-1730-david-dewing.pdf">D. Dewing, CANE CHAIRS, THEIR MANUFACTURE AND USE IN LONDON, 1670-1730</a><br />J. Gloag, A Complete Dictionary of Furniture, revised and expanded by C. Edwards, Woodstock, 1991, p. 178. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF217 Title A name given to the resource Painted beech armchair with caned seat and back and squab cushion. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1775-1790 Description An account of the resource Painted beech armchair with caned seat and back and squab cushion.