10 10 191 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/4516eb8469f15513cedb837ed190228f.jpg ef03207c9315946d05d7a4a35cd282ed https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/b2140d8e7de584d15b2d82117c9c274d.jpg 00c4184acc26e4d1bd1f1016d8177e17 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f5b4351250ffe7e5812e4d0cb4826c16.jpg 29a128fd9bc689531b1d97979e837932 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fdd7c8216bd305137b63f0c47e45d30c.jpg a242ee42f4289d387045dcb5bb31b856 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e3a2de6164eb9c8d948e87e14695f47a.jpg e46cbf9ca749055f7d70d3aafcb40ca3 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/8859a553861fc5b6977cb9c26d511f06.jpg 6aa553314f6d97f958ceed4772e71028 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany side chair has a cartouche-shaped and channel-moulded back with a small anthemion carved in the centre of the crest rail and three carved and pierced splats, each with a central patera. A stuff-over seat with a serpentine front and curved sides is covered in leather and close nailed with dome-headed gilt nails. There is a carved panel of anthemion where the part-fluted, part-reeded baluster-turned front legs meet the seat rail. The back legs are turned and raked. The upholstery is replaced.<br /><br />A very similar chair, attributed to Hepplewhite, is illustrated in MacQuoid (reprinted 1989). The Frederick Parker Collection included a matching armchair which was sold through Christie’s, London in 1998; the armchair was acquired for the Collection in 1920 for £8.15s. Condition Poor surface finish, worn and faded.<br />Repairs to the crest rail and lower back rail, central splat ‘backed’.<br />Front legs hipped into seat rail.<br />Back legs possibly replaced.<br />Late 19th century stuffing, webbing and base cloth. Materials Mahogany.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 89 <br />W. 56<br />D. 61 Parker Numbers Plastic label on rear seat rail: ‘Pattern’ with almost illegible inscription: ‘OM 2049’.<br />Painted inside seat rail: ‘169/2049 Provenance In the Collection prior to 1993. Notes Christie’s, London, 24 September 1998, lot 303.<br />Percy MacQuoid, A History of English Furniture, London, reprinted 1989, p. 380, fig. 856.<br />The chair-back pattern features on an armchair in the C. D. Rotch Collection, illustrated in R. Edwards, The Shorter Dictionary of English Furniture, p. 157, fig. 156.<br />See also: <br />R. W. Symonds, Furniture Making in Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century England, London, 1955, p. 100, pl. 18.<br />H. Cescinsky, English Furniture of the Eighteenth Century, vol. III, London, 1909-11, p. 211, fig. 247, and p. 212.<br />H. Cescinsky, English Furniture From Gothic to Sheraton, Grand Rapids, 1929, p. 365, top left. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF169 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with three carved and pierced splats in the back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1790 Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with a cartouche-shape back and three carved and pierced splats and an upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1ed61506cd4dd855f41265ada82c0859.jpg dd441ad0a5b3084abd6d30842629937f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/20bc0f371eb2bad6361aa740a6633add.jpg ff238c9fe38632d2b0ffa572e1f2025b https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1f9e1474719d971481600481ab4248b5.jpg 0c910a7369fa6890b9a661097abcfa31 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/619f69a9454306851d0644ee0d1e3459.jpg b3c6add6f722a3b159d5b2cb53b91ba0 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/d1f9ac25a155b3a5f8a67f5a822b2e84.jpg ce24182e21d48fc583f63d02a806b72f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/94aa0b6c44951832a7610fdfbd19f48c.jpg 731a1c5b1f3d34c9ce7401918e6411ec Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany side chair has a moulded serpentine crest rail carved with anthemion and acanthus leaves. It has tapering and moulded back posts with a pierced splat with interlaced loops and carved acanthus leaves which slots into an unusual cusped ‘shoe’ at the rear of the seat. The moulding on the upper parts of the back includes a raised and rounded centre which tapers off midway. A padded drop-in seat covered with a 20th century dark red flowered velvet sits on a square-section seat rail. The chair is raised on square-section front legs and raked back legs joined by an H-form stretcher with a higher back stretcher. The striped webbing is 19th century and unusual in being laid only in one direction, under a later 19th century hessian. The chair is in good original condition and was well-made, probably by a provincial maker. It has had arms fitted at one stage, which are now removed.<br /><br />The chair back is after a design by Thomas Chippendale (1718-79) in the 3rd edition of the Director, 1762, Plate XVI, no. 6. This pattern was almost certainly inspired by rococo designs from Continental Europe including those by Gaetano Brunetti (1736) and William De La Cour, as published in his First Book of Ornament (1741) (Bowett, p. 198, Plate 4:111). In 1751, and prior to the publication of the 1st edition of the Director (1754), Matthias Darly, who was to engrave many of Chippendale’s designs in the Director, included several designs for chair backs with interlaced splats in his Second Book of Chairs (1751), reprinted by Robert Manwaring in The Chair-Maker’s Guide (1766) (Gilbert, p. 38 and figs. 74-78).<br /><br />The dominant feature of this chair-back is the splat, which was cut from a thick board of fine-quality mahogany, carved and pierced and slightly chamfered on the back edges to give a lighter feeling (Hughes, 1966). The chamfering is a normal feature on more sophisticated chairs of the second half of the 18th century. The splat is similar to one that features on a set of twenty-four mahogany side chairs supplied in c. 1765 by John Linnell (1729-96) to Robert Child for Middleton Park, Oxfordshire (Hayward, Kirkham, vol. II, p. 26, fig. 46). This same model chair was commissioned by William Drake either for Shardeloes or his London house in the same period (ibid., pp. 26-27, fig. 47). The design for the Linnell chair is in the Victoria &amp; Albert Museum, London (E.113 1929). Condition Evidence of arms fitted later and subsequently removed. Materials Mahogany.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 53<br />W. 91<br />D. 53 Parker Numbers 3810. 3213. 3214. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons on 1 November 1916 from Millar (probably Cecil Millar) for £5.10. Notes Thomas Chippendale, The Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director, 3rd Edition, London, 1762, Plate XVI.<br />G. Bernard Hughes, ‘The Modern Chairs of Chippendale’, Country Life, 11 August 1966, p. 345.<br />Adam Bowett, Early Georgian Furniture 1715-1740, Antique Collectors' Club, 2009, p. 198, Plate 4:111.<br />Christopher Gilbert, ‘The Early Furniture Designs of Matthias Darly’, Furniture History, vol. 11, 1974, p. 38 and figs. 74-78).<br />H. Hayward, P. Kirkham, William and John Linnell: Eighteenth Century London Furniture Makers, London, 1980, vol. II, pp. 26-27, figs. 46-47. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF137 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with upholstered drop-in seat Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1770-1780 Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with a pierced interlaced splat and drop-in upholstered seat https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/ddeb316dc5d38b7d832a575a3a51d275.jpg 9d06a492f742043fdaae55393c18f494 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/87ec2e02d7aa081d50ff4a329ef832ed.jpg c30fc6c2c9fc334f046791a1acef6548 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e15b9a1619bc85cada762ae0f475efa1.jpg 7cbb8f36ff16188d19b81033e2ed5db2 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/ce6f3228956bc127780c83a5b586479b.jpg 796f1729ef1c300c431e1c3717ac0272 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/45021a726edb557896a2a1e9d8036073.jpg dfecb5406600231135cf5d50b52e99f0 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e69eb3ef3daf2cfa5d6d4d13c800567c.jpg 49d744d52ff8c1117101832f64f961d8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/bdb52da144da44878ff634fcf3c85b43.jpg 9282383a2e13afb848967ef0757d36ae Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany chair has a serpentine crest rail with moulded canted ends united by tapering back posts. The pierced, interlaced splat with a central loop motif and gothic detail joins a ‘shoe’ at the back of a tapered drop-in seat. The leaf-work carving on the splat is chamfered at the back to achieve an effect of lightness. The seat rail is moulded and square-sectioned. The chair is supported on square legs. The front legs have a moulding at the corner and are chamfered at the back. The legs are joined by square-section H-form stretchers and a higher stretcher between the back legs. The upholstery and red horsehair cover are modern.<br /><br />This chair is interesting as an example made up by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons to use as a pattern chair. The splat, the back seat rail, back stretcher and back legs are original and date to c. 1770. The crest rail, seat, front and side seat rails and front legs were made by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in the early 20th century.<br /><br />This design of the splat relates to a pattern in Robert Manwaring’s The Cabinet and Chair-Maker’s Real Friend and Companion, 1765. A set of three chairs with a similar splat are in the National Trust collection at Baddesley Clinton, Warwickshire (NT 342739). Another chair of a similar model is illustrated in MacQuoid, 1906. Condition The crest rail has been replaced.<br />The front and side seat rails and front legs have been replaced.<br />The upholstery and cover are replaced.<br />Arms were added at one time, now removed. Materials Mahogany.<br />Beech.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 99<br />W. 56<br />D. 51 Marks Stamped ‘5’ on inside of left back leg suggesting that the original chair was from a set of dining chairs. Parker Numbers OM 2208. See Frederick Parker Archive, Box 55, FPA050. Page 179. Provenance Made up by Frederick Parker &amp; Son, c. 1920-1930 Notes Robert Manwaring, The Cabinet and Chair-Maker’s Real Friend and Companion, 1765, plate 9, right.<br /><a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/342739">A set of three mahogany and birch chairs, English, circa 1780 342739 | National Trust collections</a><br />Percy MacQuoid, A History of English Furniture: The Age of Mahogany, 1906, plate 185. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF148 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with upholstered drop-in seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1760-1780, part 1920-30 Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with a pierced and interlaced splat and upholstered drop-in seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fadc5f31f787266fda60f52ddc1dad7b.jpg 504b828b08a8c9e073f2101e2f869f9f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/5837e289f6e8e4efdbbdd6791933df12.jpg 412b5ae563e5a33d05d774c897c8f3bd https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/12cf7a8fd194c7bd95bd30f98ed2181b.jpg 7aaebd75a771bf53f9823be6d6fd6a7f https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/48fc0e502d9cd163834dbe213226916b.jpg f93cec066e890e3e580ac9462793ba34 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/7eed20347bef44a129d17adc9d972888.jpg cb55b34b40b03f3887fd83c30adf50fd https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/45c1293ecb796e2d1237be1232ce558a.jpg 7209ba20ea0129333a5d7b2641df87f3 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany side chair has a serpentine carved crest rail with rounded ends above a pierced splat with an interlaced looped ribbon motif in its lower part (similar to FPF148) and heavily carved with husk pendants and acanthus leaves. The splat is flanked by flared and tapering back posts carved with acanthus leaves. A drop-in seat with tapered sides is set into a moulded seat rail. The chair is raised on square-section and chamfered legs with pierced brackets at the front. The back legs are flared. The legs are united by H-stretchers and a higher back stretcher. The drop-in seat frame appears original, with 19th century webbing, horsehair stuffing and faded green cover.<br /><br />The carving on the chair back and the pierced brackets is later and was probably added in the late 19th century; the carving is too ornate and profuse to be consistent with the date of the chair. The ‘shoe’ fitted to the top of the rear seat rail is of unusual construction.<br /><br />The looped ribbon motif can be seen in Ince &amp; Mayhew’s design for a ‘Parlour Chair’, (1762) and in Robert Manwaring’s illustrated designs (1765). Condition Frame generally in original condition, apart from the later carving to the back. Materials Mahogany.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 94<br />W. 56<br />D. 53 Marks Incised ‘IIIIV’ on the inside of the back seat rail suggesting this chair was part of a larger set of dining chairs.<br />Incised ‘W’ on back of rear seat rail. Parker Numbers Plastic label on back of seat rail: ‘Pattern OM 129’. <br />Painted inside seat rail: ‘150/129’. <br />Pencil inscription on seat frame: ‘5234’.<br />See: Frederick Parker Archive, Box 55. FPA050. Page 138. Provenance In the Collection prior to 1993. Notes Ince &amp; Mayhew, The Universal System of Household Furniture, 1762, plate IX, bottom left.<br />Robert Manwaring, The Cabinet and Chair Maker’s Real Friend and Companion, 1765, plate 9, right and plate 37, middle.<br />This chair is similar to a set of three chairs with the National Trust at Dyrham Park, Gloucestershire: <br /><a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/453058.1">Chair 453058.1 | National Trust collections</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF150 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with upholstered drop-in seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1760-1770 Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with pierced splat and upholstered drop-in seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/3deb412f3dad3057fdcc56477a6447f9.jpg 4f3ddd1e57242caa4fcded1d6e444e8b https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1ccf4c00ee3183ff89116d1acc7f6ac6.jpg 23d56c95fb23a48a075a4a9bd71c1926 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/07c3f11fd15a1d2b2fe9b9fa8b9f8919.jpg 2aee07815ced436625d25393b50820b8 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/332efcce92722748a4c7f9fe76a8aa3f.jpg d8ecdea6de68735b2b79a34246066e23 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e50c36230b7a69aeb4ec9c25bda51fdd.jpg b35574b0fb02a6ba8a4adfc5be738e47 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany chair has a spoon-shaped, waisted and fully upholstered back, with a semi-circular scoop in the top centre. The stuff-over compass seat rests on four cabriole legs decorated with carving, the front pair with leaves on the knees and just above the pad feet, and the back pair with leaves along the upper forward edge. This carving has traces of gilded decoration. The upholstery cover is 20th-century velvet with braided trimming. <br /><br />It is suggested that this is one of a set of perhaps six Scottish chairs dated c.1735-40, attributed to Edinburgh makers Alexander Peter and John Schaw and reputed to have belonged to Catherine Gordon of Gight (Wood, 2008, p.419). Two of the chairs were recorded by the furniture historian R.W. Symonds but their current location is unknown. A third is in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, where the construction and upholstery have been studied in detail (see Wood, p.420). All three chairs are shown with needlework covers depicting scenes from Ovid, suggesting the Frederick Parker chair might originally have had similar covers. <br /><br />The top of the back of this chair (and of the others in the set described above) has a semi-circular scoop which might have held a circular decorative or armorial motif. This is a feature of other chairs discussed by Wood (p.407) and Beard (1997).<br /><br />If the assumptions above are correct this would have been a very expensive chair, made for an aristocratic client by leading Edinburgh craftsmen, Alexander Peter, ‘wright’, or joiner, and John Schaw, upholsterer. It would have originally been covered with needlework of exceptional quality and had an armorial roundel in the crest. It would possibly have graced the grand rooms of a Scottish baronial house. Condition There are losses to both front feet. <br />The chair was re-covered in velvet with braid trimming in the 20th century. It is recorded that when purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons it was covered in Morocco leather (goat skin). Materials Mahogany.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 99<br />W. 61<br />D. 66 Parker Numbers 950. 2059. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons pre-1911 from Millar (probably Cecil Millar) for £13.13.0 Notes Lucy Wood, The Upholstered Furniture in the Lady Lever Art Gallery, Yale University Press, Vol. I, 2008, p.419. This chair is considered alongside comparable chairs in the Lady Lever Art Gallery collection.<br />Beard, Geoffrey, Upholsterers and Interior Furnishing in England 1530-1840, Yale University Press, 1997, p184. <br />A similar chair is illustrated in Edwards, Ralph, Dictionary of English Furniture, Country Life, 1954, Vol. I, p. 261. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF092 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with upholstered oval seat and spoon-shaped back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1730-1740. Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with cabriole legs, carved and gilt, with upholstered oval seat and spoon-shaped back. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c51b6724a44b2e34141eb6b555dfefa0.jpg 0633b06dc06a27d28bd295938b09ca60 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fbb169303e744a57154d1af33cc4bc53.jpg 7ce782e5ef45692f063cd95c352b0006 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0cf86c40a638e04f9065aa9b1b47e1c3.jpg 5b8f697ebfdd7099223b00fbd0a7820c https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/3d873442bfaf34373a409525c739375b.jpg c95bd733c006af6311bb8d1968ad2c88 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/d9daaab3fab9bff6ca4339f047ebadba.jpg e17bc5f55ac44f14f7b03febbd8117d5 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/668f21ba69c3c7674ad5ca3f0a1bc5e7.jpg 283a11f9ae1b18860013cf9b2904b18a https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/afd1480a31f717f46c046dbaec3705da.jpg 03520e48817f608729ad74312620f3b7 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany side chair has an undulating channel-moulded crest rail that joins tapering and fluted back posts headed by acanthus-carved corners. The inverted baluster-shaped splat, pierced with interlaced gothic tracery and quatrefoils, joins a ‘shoe’ on the rear seat rail. A stuff-over seat with a serpentine front is covered with close-nailed dark-red striped horsehair cloth, and retains possibly the original grass and horsehair stuffing and 19th century webbing. The straight and square, ripple-moulded front legs have foliate brackets and terminate in square moulded feet which echo the ripple moulding on the legs. The back legs are square-section and flared, with squared undercut feet.<br /><br />This form of chair is sometimes described as ‘in the style of Thomas Chippendale’ because the design of the splat bears similarities to chair-back designs in Chippendale's Director – see the original designs for plate 16 in the Director, 1762 (<a href="https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O842623/six-designs-for-ribbon-back-drawing-chippendale/">Victoria &amp; Albert Museum, D.697-1906</a>). Similar splats are found on a number of mid-18th century mahogany chairs; see for example the following, now in the collection of the National Trust: a set of six side chairs at Saltram, Devon (<a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/871277">NT 871277</a>); a side chair at Osterley House, Middlesex (<a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/771767.3">NT 771767.3</a>); a set of five side chairs at Dunster Castle, Somerset (<a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/725800">NT 725800</a>) and a side chair at Hatchlands Park, Surrey (<a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/1166535">NT 1166535</a>). The details of the splats differ slightly but appear to be derived from the Chippendale design. The proliferation of chairs with this type of interlaced splat suggests a number of individual craftsmen working to a particular as yet unidentified design.<br /><br />Interestingly, a set of six chairs comprising two armchairs and four side chairs in the collection of the National Trust at Sizergh Castle, Cumbria, is attributed to Gillows of Lancaster (<a href="https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/998125.1">NT 998125.1-6</a>). This set is thought to be one referred to in a letter of February 1765 to Charles Strickland, and attributed to Gillows by Susan Stuart on the basis of its close resemblance to a very similar chair in the collection of Southampton University, which is signed 'Gillows' on the seat frame (Stuart, p. 147, Plate 91).<br /><br />This side chair (FPF132) is distinctive for its surviving early grass and horsehair stuffing, which suggests a provincial maker. For example, Wright &amp; Elwick of Wakefield, contemporaries of Chippendale, and who subscribed to the 1754 edition of the Director, are known to have used marsh grass in their upholstery: see a <a href="https://www.christies.com/lot/lot-6153755">stool, part of the seat furniture supplied by or under the direction of Chippendale, possibly by Wright and Elwick, to Nostell Priory, Yorkshire</a>, which was sold by Christie’s in 2018. Condition Back left leg and front left foot replaced.<br />There is a repair on the crest rail.<br />The splat has split and has repairs.<br />The shoe has had repairs to the rear face, unfinished. Materials Mahogany.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 97<br />W. 58<br />D. 59 Marks Inscribed in ink on the back of the front seat rail ‘YS No. 15’. Parker Numbers Cloth label stitched to webbing, marked with 3703.<br />2957. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons pre 1915 from Kennedy £5.5.0. Notes Susan Stuart, Gillows of Lancaster and London 1730-1840, Antique Collectors' Club, 2008, vol. I, pp. 144-147, Plates 88, 91. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF132 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1760-1770 Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with pierced interlaced splat and upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/bea7184223e9ea1b5baa328fc33f2e07.jpg 3392bef8f0fc0aafc49d454fd7a878b3 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/3d95d0d2a3200fb58fc0cb9e053fbb01.jpg d62a6a6f818d1137188822e38c31b1e5 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c114b3087efa0d1b17d1d00d698a9af4.jpg 704ec6a53be04a2b859ae60e17f48be1 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0b654be862e38f5085ca8e67c9f87fe9.jpg 282203f6ccb00b669564921ca7220f33 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/6ce0ffeb64f921582116fdb37c6c2a87.jpg 13da81625af02c986f909e345d49f662 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany side chair has a shaped crest rail with rounded corners, which is carved with a central stylised anthemion, acanthus leaves and floret scrolls. The back posts are tapering and fluted. The flared pierced splat has five vertical struts, which join a ‘shoe’ at the rear of a rectangular stuff-over seat, covered in a modern blue and cream Greek key pattern fabric. The chair is raised on turned and fluted inverted-baluster legs headed by blocks and with ‘toupie’ feet (toupie is French for a spinning top), joined by turned fluted H-form stretchers. There is a rear stretcher set slightly higher.<br /><br />This chair is in the Chippendale style of the 1760s to 1770s but is a late 19th century fake, as demonstrated by the legs which are thinner than would be expected in the 18th century, and this has resulted in the need for stretchers which would be unusual on an 18th century chair of this quality. The carving is also rather mean for such a grand chair. The maker has re-used old seat rails, presumably to deceive customers into believing the chair to be an antique. Judging by the price, £9 5s, paid by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in 1925, they believed they were buying a genuine 18th century chair.<br /><br />The chair is after a Chippendale model supplied to Brocket Hall, Hertfordshire (c. 1773), and Goldsborough Hall (c. 1772) and Newby Hall, both in Yorkshire (c. 1772-75), and possibly to Lansdowne House (1769) and David Garrick’s apartments in the Adelphi (1772), both in London (Gilbert, 1978). <br /><br />The legs are possibly inspired by those found on a set of six open armchairs supplied by Chippendale in 1768 for the library at Nostell Priory, Yorkshire (NT 959722). Condition The chair has been stripped and resurfaced.<br />One foot has been replaced. Materials Mahogany.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 98<br />W. 59<br />D. 54 Parker Numbers Plastic label ‘OM 6005’.<br />4401. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons in July 1925 for £9.5.0. Notes C. Gilbert, The Life and Works of Thomas Chippendale, London, 1978, vol. II, pp. 88-89, figs. 142-143; p. 90, figs. 144-5; p. 91, figs. 147-149.<br />See also A. Bowett, J. Lomax, Thomas Chippendale 1718-1779: A Celebration of British Craftsmanship and Design. Catalogue of the Tercentenary Exhibition, Leeds City Museum, 2018, pp. 112-115, no. 6.9.<br /><a href="The%20Nostell%20Priory%20Library%20Chairs%20-%201768%20959722%20%7C%20National%20Trust%20collections">https://www.nationaltrustcollections.org.uk/object/959722</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF151 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1880-1910 Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with a pierced splat and stuff-over seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fdef7326177e3a552deffdf7672b45d0.jpg 03d8b205d974715cc67c3f06e531cbad https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/24a7dbd9a79ba5150d3786285a650e0b.jpg 47e7b9fbb957e7955fbbd309de23f11c https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/1e319b0ccc1cb896a3616766c15f5cc1.jpg 340d9ab5214a70da9df12da69ce27c54 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e7a7f1a2819b4e1857c7e2f5cb381d03.jpg 2fb269124e57aa03d71253e4ea5cf399 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/f7b8c99b68fc189b6f4057711f0a9960.jpg 5f4d9b5ea00cb2cc774c8fae2a14f322 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This side chair has a moulded rectangular back with a foliate-carved tablet at the centre of the concave crest rail. A mahogany panel, cross-banded in satinwood and with narrow ebonised stringing, forms the top of a pierced splat, which has a moulded diagonal lattice with an arched top and oval paterae at the joints, and is flanked by turned and reeded columns either side. The tapering and moulded back posts are continuous with the square-section and flared back legs. The lower edges of the front and side seat rails are faced with thin channel-moulded mahogany slips, above which the cover of the stuff-over seat is nailed. The front columnar legs are turned and tapering, with ‘toupie’ feet (toupie is French for a spinning top). The stuffing and calico is possibly original, with later additional stuffing and silk cover.<br /><br />This chair is probably after a design by Thomas Sheraton published in his The Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer’s Drawing Book, vol. II, in 1794, fig. 35. Sheraton did not invent the rectilinear chair back although its prevalence in his designs has led it to be associated with him (Edward, 1934). His designs often feature tapering, turned and reeded legs. For his ‘ordinary’ chairs, Sheraton recommended the use of Spanish or Cuban mahogany with a clear straight grain ‘which will rub bright, and keep cleaner than any Honduras wood’. Condition The crest rail is repaired at both ends above the joints with the back posts.<br />The back left leg is replaced and the joint with the seat is loose, where a new lower section of the back post has been fitted.<br />The back right leg is supported with a metal brace.<br />The front and side seat rails are replaced in beech, part veneered in mahogany.<br />Silk top cover faded and torn with strips hanging off seat. Materials Mahogany.<br />Satinwood.<br />Beech.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 89 <br />W. 51<br />D. 53 Parker Numbers OM299/OM32. See Frederick Parker Archive, Box 55, Ms. FPA050, page 140. Provenance Not recorded but in the Collection prior to1993. Notes Thomas Sheraton, The Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer’s Drawing Book, vol. II, 1794, fig. 35.<br />R. Edwards, ‘Chairs of the Late XVIII Century’, Country Life, 6 January 1934, pp. 20-22. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF287 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany side chair with upholstered seat. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1790-1800 Description An account of the resource Mahogany side chair with a diagonal lattice splat and upholstered seat. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/e19ea8fef74bc3df66b9e43b2fcd4a8e.jpg 5678c7f95ff01bf0fe90c8f77640d17e https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/ace5337a44d5cd6f5a966d21786bf65a.jpg 3207ef0aff66dca7e55e07549ce2718a https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/fb3760b91ae9737be283fdd482cbb78d.jpg b4c3ae0cbd34732bef415164021a8598 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/0212a28c474bad9f89c8f2518c01586e.jpg 88552fc51f84d921e8eaf7c72424dde4 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/ffe7dbc7f664fe21b3746aca0931f128.jpg cde67005eadcee00dad67c42fba4b29a Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This mahogany bergère armchair has a rectangular upholstered back and panelled upholstered arms. The seat is webbed to support a deep squab cushion, and it has a square-section seat rail. The chair is raised on sabre legs with brass castors. The upholstery is original, but the top cover is missing; as a result the materials and methods of the original upholsterer are revealed.<br /><br />The sabre leg, resembling the curve of a cavalry scimitar, and sometimes called a ‘scimitar’, ‘swept’ or ‘Waterloo’ leg, was introduced in the Regency Greek Revival period. This style was originally inspired by James ‘Athenian’ Stuart and Nicholas Revett’s The Antiquities of Athens, volume I, published in 1762. From the 1790s into the early 19th century designers often incorporated Greek ornament in furniture. The sabre leg derives from those on klismos chairs as depicted on Ancient Greek pottery. Charles Heathcote Tatham’s Etchings of Ancient Ornamental Architecture (1799) and Etchings representing fragments of Grecian and Roman Architectural Ornaments (1806) together with Thomas Hope’s use of Graeco-Roman designs in his Household Furniture and Interior Decoration (1807), were influential sources for contemporary designers (Gloag, 1991). Condition The upholstery is original but in poor condition. Materials Mahogany.<br />Beech.<br />Upholstery. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 93<br />W. 63<br />D. 89 Parker Numbers 151. <br />This chair was used by Parker Knoll in 1939 as the model for their production chair, PK517. Provenance Purchased by Frederick Parker &amp; Sons pre 1911 for 10 shillings. Notes J. Gloag, A Complete Dictionary of Furniture, revised and expanded by C. Edwards, Woodstock, 1991, pp. 372-373; 581. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF338 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany upholstered bergère armchair. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1810-1830 Description An account of the resource Mahogany upholstered bergère armchair on sabre legs. https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/03bacd452250f2c1d725117dca10118f.jpg 5fa73fd9d1d2235f6dedf7192e63681a https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/67e0f3dd4f0891f5a0ac8815d15bdf7d.jpg 127cc42ccede5a110b65faa56588ac8d https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/7e1fe99be46f93f03920c94eecb89b0b.jpg 50483b5d1427fe46717e8b3021e40187 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/c983d1e6ab132eb2cc7405da44a19830.jpg 3849df4bb422c1e2af5d15bf83ba6d90 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/33e4a2fbde4c29b029f5179a110ceec8.jpg 415aa817e6f65963f80282df2bc5b677 https://www.frederickparkercollection.org.uk/files/original/4f18c06f500e007889635dddade28887.jpg ad23585b64dca3252d1427ddaf9e4819 Physical Object An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types. Full Description This reclining armchair has a high waisted upholstered back which has a curved top and is flared at the corners. Mahogany armrests terminate in carved scrolls and rest on down-swept supports. The mahogany sides are heavily carved in the neo-Grecian manner with quarter fans, stylised anthemion, foliate scrolls and roundels, while the inner faces are upholstered. The upholstered sprung seat is rectangular. The chair is raised on mahogany legs which at the front are square at the top, carved with lotus flowers and leaves, and turned below with rings and inverted balusters, terminating in brass caps and castors. The back legs are flared, with scrolled feet fitted with brass caps and castors. The chair back reclines via a hidden ratchet and spring mechanism which is operated by a button in the right-hand arm. The upholstery has been replaced and covered in a green leatherette, with buttoning in the back and seat; there are remnants of original crimson leather under the fretwork on the side of the chair.<br /><br />This would have been a very expensive chair when new. A similar chair pattern is illustrated in W. Smee &amp; Sons’ Designs for Furniture (1850-55) (Joy, 1994). The firm had a reputation for making good quality furniture and exhibited at the 1862 London Exhibition and the 1867 and 1878 Paris Exhibitions. This chair has an associated date of 1856, although the source is not known. <br /><br />An early example of a reclining armchair, c. 1813, by William Pocock, is illustrated in Rudolph Ackermann’s The Repository of Arts, Literature, Commerce, Manufactures, Fashion and Politics, March 1813, pl. 49 (Edwards, 1998-1999). Between 1827 and 1863, more than twenty British patents were granted for improvements to reclining chairs. In 1830, one of the most well-known reclining chair businesses, George &amp; John Minter of Princess Street, Soho, London, received a patent for a ‘fully automatic’ reclining chair, and in 1845, the same firm issued new models built with a crank in the arm to turn an Archimedes’ screw which controlled the angle of recline. In the latter part of the 19th century, adjustable-back easy armchairs and leather-covered and buttoned reclining chairs in mahogany, oak, or walnut finish were sold as ‘club, reading room or boardroom chairs’ (ibid.).<br /><br />George Hunzinger, one of the most successful American innovators, designed a number of patented folding, rocking, and reclining chairs. In February 1866, he patented a reclining chair mechanism based on a ratchet built into the arms that were linked to pivots on the back rails. By lifting the arm and repositioning the ratchet, the back reclined at various angles (ibid.). Condition The ratchet mechanism is broken.<br />The chair is possibly missing a sliding foot-rest and may have had a book rest.<br />One of the castors on the back legs is broken but is likely to be original to the chair; the others have been replaced. Materials Mahogany.<br />Beech.<br />Upholstery.<br />Steel. Physical Dimensions The physical size of the object H. 111<br />W. 79<br />D. 89 Provenance In the Collection prior to 1993. Notes ed. E. Joy, Pictorial Dictionary of British 19th Century Furniture Design, Woodbridge, rev. ed. 1994, pp. xxix, 265.<br />C. Gilbert, Pictorial Dictionary of Marked London Furniture 1700-1840, London, 1996,. p. 338, figs. 649-651.<br />C. Edwards, ‘Reclining Chairs Surveyed: Health, Comfort, and Fashion in Evolving Markets’, Studies in the Decorative Arts, Fall-Winter 1998-1999, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 32-67. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FPF362 Title A name given to the resource Mahogany upholstered reclining armchair. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1850-1865 Description An account of the resource Mahogany upholstered reclining armchair.